---
title: dungeon — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «dungeon» in the school dictionary: A dark prison room, often underground, in a castle. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# dungeon

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** king, Toad, dungeon, We, you, daughter · **What happens:** explore, throw, lie, weep, be, visit · **To what, where:** thief, dungeon, castle, old dungeon, game, key

<!-- .vabout -->
«dungeon» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [dungeon in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/dungeon.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A dark prison room, often underground, in a castle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dungeon:m1:1
# text = A dark prison room, often underground, in a castle.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	prison	prison	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	often	often	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	underground	underground	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: games — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In video and board games, a set of dangerous rooms or tunnels to explore.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dungeon:m2:1
# text = In video and board games, a set of dangerous rooms or tunnels to explore.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	video	video	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	board	board	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	games	game	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	set	set	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	rooms	room	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	tunnels	tunnel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	explore	explore	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **explore** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn investigate-35.4 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The king threw the thief into the dungeon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dungeon:x1:1
# text = The king threw the thief into the dungeon.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	threw	throw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	thief	thief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	dungeon	dungeon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **throw** | past | the king | the thief |  |  |  | into the dungeon *result* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Causer thief=Theme into dungeon=Result |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Toad lay in the dungeon and wept.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dungeon:x2:1
# text = Toad lay in the dungeon and wept.
1	Toad	Toad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	dungeon	dungeon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	wept	weep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | past | Toad |  |  | the dungeon |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in dungeon=Location |
| 2 | **weep** | past | Toad *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dungeon was cold, damp and dark.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dungeon:x3:1
# text = The dungeon was cold, damp and dark.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dungeon	dungeon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	damp	damp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the dungeon |  |  |  |  | cold *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the dungeon *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | the dungeon *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We visited a castle and saw the old dungeon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dungeon:x4:1
# text = We visited a castle and saw the old dungeon.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	visited	visit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	dungeon	dungeon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **visit** | past | We | a castle |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent castle=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **see** | past | We *not said here* | the old dungeon |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer dungeon=Stimulus |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the game, you have to find the key to escape the dungeon.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dungeon:x5:1
# text = In the game, you have to find the key to escape the dungeon.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	key	key	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	escape	escape	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	acl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	dungeon	dungeon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | you |  |  | the game |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **find** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | the key |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent key=Topic |
| 3 | **escape** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | the dungeon |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme dungeon=Initial\_Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The gaoler's daughter brought food down to the dungeon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dungeon:x6:1
# text = The gaoler's daughter brought food down to the dungeon.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	gaoler	gaoler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	down	down	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	dungeon	dungeon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring down** | past | the gaoler's daughter | food |  | the dungeon |  | down *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent food=Theme to dungeon=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many castle dungeons were really used as storerooms.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dungeon:x7:1
# text = Many castle dungeons were really used as storerooms.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	dungeons	dungeon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
5	really	really	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	storerooms	storeroom	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past · passive |  | Many castle dungeons |  |  |  | as storerooms | vn spend\_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Duration as storeroom=Attribute |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So they seized him and put him in a dungeon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dungeon:x8:1
# text = So they seized him and put him in a dungeon.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	seized	seize	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	dungeon	dungeon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **seize** | past | they | him *= he* |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 2 | **put** | infinitive | they *not said here* | him *= he* |  | a dungeon |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme in dungeon=Destination |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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