---
title: dunk — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «dunk» in the school dictionary: To dunk food is to dip it quickly into a drink or liquid, like a biscuit into tea or milk. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# dunk

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** shot, He, you, biscuit, player, We · **What happens:** dunk, be, push down, not dunk, break, jump · **To what, where:** food, drink, someone, water, basketball, ball

<!-- .vabout -->
«dunk» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [dunk in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/dunk.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To dunk food is to dip it quickly into a drink or liquid, like a biscuit into tea or milk.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dunk:m1:1
# text = To dunk food is to dip it quickly into a drink or liquid, like a biscuit into tea or milk.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	dunk	dunk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	dip	dip	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
9	into	into	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	like	like	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	biscuit	biscuit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
18	into	into	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	tea	tea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
20	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dunk** | to-infinitive |  | food |  |  |  |  | vn funnel-9.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent food=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  | a drink or liquid and a biscuit |  | into tea or milk; dip, quickly *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To dunk someone or something is to push them under water for a moment.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dunk:m2:1
# text = To dunk someone or something is to push them under water for a moment.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	dunk	dunk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	conj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	push	push	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	under	under	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	moment	moment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dunk** | to-infinitive |  |  | someone |  |  |  | vn funnel-9.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent someone=Destination |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  | water | moment | push *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In basketball, to dunk is to jump up and push the ball down through the hoop; this shot is a dunk (slam dunk).

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dunk:m3:1
# text = In basketball, to dunk is to jump up and push the ball down through the hoop; this shot is a dunk (slam dunk).
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	basketball	basketball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	dunk	dunk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	jump	jump	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	up	up	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	push	push	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	down	down	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
15	through	through	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	hoop	hoop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
19	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	20	det	_	_
20	shot	shot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	dunk	dunk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
24	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	slam	slam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	dunk	dunk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dunk** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn funnel-9.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  | basketball |  | jump *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **push down** | infinitive |  | the ball |  | the hoop |  | down *property* | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent ball=Theme through hoop=Trajectory |
| 4 | **is a** | present | this shot | a dunk |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He dunked his cookie in his milk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dunk:x1:1
# text = He dunked his cookie in his milk.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	dunked	dunk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	cookie	cookie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dunk** | past | He | his cookie |  | his milk |  |  | vn funnel-9.3 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent cookie=Theme in milk=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't dunk your biscuit too long or it will break.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dunk:x2:1
# text = Don't dunk your biscuit too long or it will break.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	dunk	dunk	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	biscuit	biscuit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	too	too	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	break	break	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **dunk** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | your biscuit |  |  |  | long *property* | vn funnel-9.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent biscuit=Theme |
| 2 | **break** | future | biscuit |  |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The player jumped and dunked the ball.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dunk:x3:1
# text = The player jumped and dunked the ball.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	player	player	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	jumped	jump	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	dunked	dunk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jump** | past | the player |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **dunk** | past | the player *not said here* | the ball |  |  |  |  | vn funnel-9.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent ball=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We dunked our feet in the cold river.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dunk:x4:1
# text = We dunked our feet in the cold river.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	dunked	dunk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dunk** | past | We | our feet |  | the cold river |  |  | vn funnel-9.3 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent foot=Theme in river=Trajectory |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That was an amazing slam dunk!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dunk:x5:1
# text = That was an amazing slam dunk!
1	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	amazing	amazing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	slam	slam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	dunk	dunk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | That | a amazing slam dunk |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She dunked the paintbrush in the water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dunk:x6:1
# text = She dunked the paintbrush in the water.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	dunked	dunk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	paintbrush	paintbrush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dunk** | past | She | the paintbrush |  | the water |  |  | vn funnel-9.3 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent paintbrush=Theme in water=Trajectory |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We tested which biscuit could be dunked longest without breaking.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dunk:x7:1
# text = We tested which biscuit could be dunked longest without breaking.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	tested	test	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	4	det	_	_
4	biscuit	biscuit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	dunked	dunk	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
8	longest	long	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	obj	_	_
9	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
10	breaking	break	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **test** | past | We |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **dunk** | could · passive |  | which biscuit |  |  |  |  | vn funnel-9.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme long=Destination |
| 3 | **break** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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