---
title: duster — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «duster» in the school dictionary: A cloth for wiping dust off furniture and shelves. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# duster

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** cloth, Mum, teacher, Grandma, back, cowboy · **What happens:** wipe off, use, wipe, wear, keep off, give · **To what, where:** dust, pad, chalkboard, long light coat, yellow duster, me

<!-- .vabout -->
«duster» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [duster in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/duster.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cloth for wiping dust off furniture and shelves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:duster:m1:1
# text = A cloth for wiping dust off furniture and shelves.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	wiping	wipe	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
5	dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	off	off	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
7	furniture	furniture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	shelves	shelf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wipe off** | gerund | a cloth *not said here* | dust |  |  |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent dust=Theme furniture=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A board duster or board rubber: a pad used to wipe a chalkboard or whiteboard clean.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:duster:m2:1
# text = A board duster or board rubber: a pad used to wipe a chalkboard or whiteboard clean.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	board	board	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	duster	duster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	board	board	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	rubber	rubber	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	pad	pad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
10	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	wipe	wipe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	chalkboard	chalkboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	whiteboard	whiteboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
17	clean	clean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  | a pad *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **wipe** | to-infinitive |  | a chalkboard or whiteboard |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent chalkboard=Source |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: US, Australia — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A long, light coat worn to keep dust off, especially by riders.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:duster:m3:1
# text = A long, light coat worn to keep dust off, especially by riders.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	light	light	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	worn	wear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
9	dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
10	off	off	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	riders	rider	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | participle |  | a long light coat *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **keep off** | to-infinitive |  | dust |  |  |  | by riders | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent dust=Theme by rider=Location |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A light housecoat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:duster:m4:1
# text = A light housecoat.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	light	light	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	housecoat	housecoat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum gave me a yellow duster to polish the table.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:duster:x1:1
# text = Mum gave me a yellow duster to polish the table.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	duster	duster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	polish	polish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | Mum | a yellow duster | me |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient duster=Theme |
| 2 | **polish** | to-infinitive | Mum *not said here* | the table |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent table=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher wiped the board with a duster.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:duster:x2:1
# text = The teacher wiped the board with a duster.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wiped	wipe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	board	board	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	duster	duster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wipe** | past | the teacher | the board |  |  |  | with a duster | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent board=Source |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandma uses a feather duster on the high shelves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:duster:x3:1
# text = Grandma uses a feather duster on the high shelves.
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	feather	feather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	duster	duster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	shelves	shelf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | Grandma | a feather duster |  | the high shelves |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent duster=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mole spring-cleaned his house with brooms and dusters until his back ached.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:duster:x4:1
# text = Mole spring-cleaned his house with brooms and dusters until his back ached.
1	Mole	Mole	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	cleaned	clean	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	brooms	broom	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	dusters	duster	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
11	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	ached	ache	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **clean** | past |  | his house |  |  | spring | with brooms and dusters | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent house=Patient with broom=Instrument |
| 2 | **ache** | past | his back |  |  |  |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cowboy wore a long brown duster.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:duster:x5:1
# text = The cowboy wore a long brown duster.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cowboy	cowboy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wore	wear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	duster	duster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | past | the cowboy | a long brown duster |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent duster=Source |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shake the duster outside so the dust doesn't fly back in.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:duster:x6:1
# text = Shake the duster outside so the dust doesn't fly back in.
1	Shake	shake	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	duster	duster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	outside	outside	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
5	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	fly	fly	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
11	back	back	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	in	in	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shake** | imperative | you *not said here* | the duster |  |  |  | outside *property* | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent duster=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **fly back** | present · do-support | the dust |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The board duster was full of chalk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:duster:x7:1
# text = The board duster was full of chalk.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	board	board	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	duster	duster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	chalk	chalk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the board duster |  |  |  |  | of chalk; full *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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