---
title: dutch — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «dutch» in the school dictionary: From the Netherlands (also called Holland), or to do with its people. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# dutch

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** person, their, Many Dutch people, friend, Dutch farmers, We · **What happens:** call, do, speak, pay, share, ride · **To what, where:** Netherlands, language, meal, bicycles, Dutch, millions · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«dutch» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [dutch in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/dutch.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
From the Netherlands (also called Holland), or to do with its people.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dutch:m1:1
# text = From the Netherlands (also called Holland), or to do with its people.
1	From	from	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Netherlands	Netherlands	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	Holland	Holland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | participle |  |  |  | the Netherlands |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from netherlands=Source |
| 2 | **do** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with Netherlands's people | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The language spoken in the Netherlands and part of Belgium.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dutch:m2:1
# text = The language spoken in the Netherlands and part of Belgium.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Netherlands	Netherlands	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Belgium	Belgium	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | participle |  | the language *not said here* |  | the Netherlands and part of Belgium |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: go Dutch — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each person pays for their own share of a meal or outing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dutch:m3:1
# text = Each person pays for their own share of a meal or outing.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	pays	pay	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	share	share	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	meal	meal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	outing	outing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pay** | present | each person |  |  |  |  | for their own share of a meal or outing | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for share=Theme |
| 2 | **share** |  | their *= they* | a meal or outing |  |  |  |  | nom share «possession transitive»: poss=agent of=patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many Dutch people ride bicycles to work.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dutch:x1:1
# text = Many Dutch people ride bicycles to work.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	Dutch	dutch	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	ride	ride	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	bicycles	bicycle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ride** | present | Many Dutch people | bicycles |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent bicycle=Location |
| 2 | **work** | to-infinitive | Many Dutch people *not said here* | bicycles *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My friend speaks Dutch and English.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dutch:x2:1
# text = My friend speaks Dutch and English.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	speaks	speak	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Dutch	Dutch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | My friend | Dutch and English |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dutch farmers grow millions of tulips.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dutch:x3:1
# text = Dutch farmers grow millions of tulips.
1	Dutch	dutch	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	farmers	farmer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	millions	million	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	tulips	tulip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | Dutch farmers | millions of tulips |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location million=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We went Dutch at the café, so everyone paid for their own drink.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dutch:x4:1
# text = We went Dutch at the café, so everyone paid for their own drink.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Dutch	dutch	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	café	café	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
9	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	10	nsubj	_	_
10	paid	pay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
13	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | We |  |  | the café |  | dutch *property* | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at café=Location |
| 2 | **pay** | past | everyone |  |  |  |  | for their own drink | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for drink=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Edam is a round Dutch cheese with red wax.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dutch:x5:1
# text = Edam is a round Dutch cheese with red wax.
1	Edam	edam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	round	round	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	Dutch	dutch	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	cheese	cheese	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	wax	wax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Edam | a round Dutch cheese |  |  |  | with red wax | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They played double Dutch in the playground.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dutch:x6:1
# text = They played double Dutch in the playground.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	played	play	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	double	double	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	Dutch	Dutch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	playground	playground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | past | They | double Dutch |  | the playground |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dutch=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Dutch built walls called dykes to keep out the sea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dutch:x7:1
# text = The Dutch built walls called dykes to keep out the sea.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Dutch	dutch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	built	build	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	dykes	dyke	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	xcomp	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
9	out	out	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | past | the Dutch | walls |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset wall=Product |
| 2 | **call** | participle | walls *not said here* | dykes |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **keep out** | to-infinitive | the Dutch *not said here* | the sea |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sea=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
New York was once a Dutch colony.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dutch:x8:1
# text = New York was once a Dutch colony.
1	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	_
2	York	York	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	7	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Dutch	dutch	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	colony	colony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | New York | a Dutch colony |  |  |  | once *property* | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The room had the appearance of a Dutch interior.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dutch:x9:1
# text = The room had the appearance of a Dutch interior.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	appearance	appearance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	Dutch	dutch	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	interior	interior	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the room | the appearance of a Dutch interior |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent appearance=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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