---
title: dutiful — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «dutiful» in the school dictionary: Dutiful means careful to do what you should, obeying parents and keeping promises. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# dutiful

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Dutiful, She, dutiful pupil, dutiful helper · **What happens:** mean, do, obey, keep, fetch, be · **To what, where:** parents, promises, dutiful pupil, homework

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«dutiful» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [dutiful in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/dutiful.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dutiful means careful to do what you should, obeying parents and keeping promises.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dutiful:m1:1
# text = Dutiful means careful to do what you should, obeying parents and keeping promises.
1	Dutiful	dutiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	careful	careful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	obj	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	obeying	obey	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
11	parents	parent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	keeping	keep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	_
14	promises	promise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Dutiful |  |  |  |  | careful *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **do** | to-infinitive | Dutiful *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |
| 3 | **obey** | gerund | Dutiful *not said here* | parents |  |  |  |  | vn abide\_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent parent=Theme |
| 4 | **keep** | gerund | Dutiful *not said here* | promises |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent promise=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dutiful son fetched water for his mother.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dutiful:x1:1
# text = The dutiful son fetched water for his mother.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	dutiful	dutiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	fetched	fetch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fetch** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She was a dutiful pupil who always did her homework.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dutiful:x2:1
# text = She was a dutiful pupil who always did her homework.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	dutiful	dutiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
7	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	8	advmod	_	_
8	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	homework	homework	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | She | a dutiful pupil |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | past | a dutiful pupil | pupil's homework |  |  |  | always *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent homework=Eventuality |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Be a dutiful helper and tidy up after the game.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dutiful:x3:1
# text = Be a dutiful helper and tidy up after the game.
1	Be	be	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	dutiful	dutiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	helper	helper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	tidy	tidy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	after	after	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | infinitive | a dutiful helper |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **tidy up** | infinitive | a dutiful helper *not said here* |  |  |  | after the game |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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