---
title: dyslexic — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «dyslexic» in the school dictionary: Having dyslexia: a difference in how the brain handles words, which makes reading, spelling and sometimes writing harder, but has nothing to do with how clever someone is. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# dyslexic

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** brain, words, Having, brother, he, Dyslexic pupils · **What happens:** have, handle, make, write, do, be · **To what, where:** dyslexia, words, reading, nothing, audiobooks, tests · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«dyslexic» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [dyslexic in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/dyslexic.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Having dyslexia: a difference in how the brain handles words, which makes reading, spelling and sometimes writing harder, but has nothing to do with how clever someone is.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dyslexic:m1:1
# text = Having dyslexia: a difference in how the brain handles words, which makes reading, spelling and sometimes writing harder, but has nothing to do with how clever someone is.
1	Having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	24	csubj	_	_
2	dyslexia	dyslexia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	difference	difference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
7	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	brain	brain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	handles	handle	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl	_	_
11	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
15	reading	reading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	spelling	spelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	20	advmod	_	_
20	writing	write	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	conj	_	_
21	harder	hard	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	20	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
25	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	24	obj	_	_
26	to	to	PART	TO	_	27	mark	_	_
27	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	acl	_	_
28	with	with	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
29	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	30	advmod	_	_
30	clever	clever	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	27	obj	_	_
32	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | gerund |  | dyslexia |  |  |  | a difference *obl* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dyslexia=Patient |
| 2 | **handle** | present | the brain | words |  |  |  |  | vn hold-15.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme |
| 3 | **make** | present | words | reading and spelling |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset reading=Product |
| 4 | **write** | gerund | words *not said here* |  |  |  |  | hard, sometimes *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **have** | present | Having | nothing |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Patient |
| 6 | **do** | to-infinitive | Having *not said here* | nothing *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | with someone | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My brother is dyslexic, so he uses audiobooks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dyslexic:x1:1
# text = My brother is dyslexic, so he uses audiobooks.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	dyslexic	dyslexic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
9	audiobooks	audiobook	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | My brother |  |  |  |  | dyslexic *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | present | he | audiobooks |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent audiobook=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dyslexic pupils can get extra time in tests.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dyslexic:x2:1
# text = Dyslexic pupils can get extra time in tests.
1	Dyslexic	dyslexic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	pupils	pupil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	extra	extra	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	tests	test	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | can | Dyslexic pupils |  |  | tests | time |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher printed the worksheet in a dyslexic-friendly font.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dyslexic:x3:1
# text = The teacher printed the worksheet in a dyslexic-friendly font.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	printed	print	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	worksheet	worksheet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
8	dyslexic	dyslexic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	friendly	friendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	font	font	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **print** | past | the teacher | the worksheet |  | a friendly font |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent worksheet=Theme in font=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being dyslexic doesn't mean you're not clever.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dyslexic:x4:1
# text = Being dyslexic doesn't mean you're not clever.
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	cop	_	_
2	dyslexic	dyslexic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	csubj	_	_
3	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	're	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	clever	clever	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | dyslexic *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **mean** | present · do-support |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **is** | present | you |  |  |  |  | clever *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many famous inventors and artists were dyslexic.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dyslexic:x5:1
# text = Many famous inventors and artists were dyslexic.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	inventors	inventor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	artists	artist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	dyslexic	dyslexic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Many famous inventors and artists |  |  |  |  | dyslexic *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Coloured paper helps some dyslexic readers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dyslexic:x6:1
# text = Coloured paper helps some dyslexic readers.
1	Coloured	coloured	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	6	det	_	_
5	dyslexic	dyslexic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	readers	reader	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Coloured paper | some dyslexic readers |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reader=Beneficiary |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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