---
title: earmuff — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «earmuff» in the school dictionary: A soft, warm cover for one ear; usually a pair of these joined by a band over the head, called earmuffs. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# earmuff

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** hard earmuffs, I, it, builder, drill, Grandma · **What happens:** join, call, protect, wear, snow, block · **To what, where:** pair, head, earmuffs, ears, fluffy earmuffs, noise · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«earmuff» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [earmuff in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/earmuff.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A soft, warm cover for one ear; usually a pair of these joined by a band over the head, called earmuffs.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:earmuff:m1:1
# text = A soft, warm cover for one ear; usually a pair of these joined by a band over the head, called earmuffs.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	cover	cover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	pair	pair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	these	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	12	nmod	_	_
15	joined	join	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl	_	_
16	by	by	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	band	band	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
19	over	over	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	parataxis	_	_
24	earmuffs	earmuff	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **join** | participle |  | a pair of these *not said here* |  | the head |  | by a band | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **call** | participle |  | earmuffs |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ear defenders: hard earmuffs that protect ears from loud noise.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:earmuff:m2:1
# text = Ear defenders: hard earmuffs that protect ears from loud noise.
1	Ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	defenders	defender	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
4	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	earmuffs	earmuff	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	protect	protect	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	ears	ear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	noise	noise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **protect** | present | hard earmuffs | ears |  |  |  | from loud noise | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent ear=Beneficiary from noise=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I wear fluffy earmuffs when it snows.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:earmuff:x1:1
# text = I wear fluffy earmuffs when it snows.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wear	wear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	fluffy	fluffy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	earmuffs	earmuff	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	7	mark	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	snows	snow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | present | I | fluffy earmuffs |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent earmuff=Source |
| 2 | **snow** | present | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The builder wore earmuffs to block the noise of the drill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:earmuff:x2:1
# text = The builder wore earmuffs to block the noise of the drill.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	builder	builder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wore	wear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	earmuffs	earmuff	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	block	block	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	noise	noise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	drill	drill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | past | the builder | earmuffs |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent earmuff=Source |
| 2 | **block** | to-infinitive | the builder *not said here* | the noise of the drill |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer noise=Theme |
| 3 | **noise** |  | the drill |  |  |  |  |  | nom noise «event intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandma knitted me a pair of earmuffs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:earmuff:x3:1
# text = Grandma knitted me a pair of earmuffs.
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	knitted	knit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pair	pair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	earmuffs	earmuff	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **knit** | past | Grandma | a pair of earmuffs | me |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP PP»: agent=Agent i=Beneficiary pair=Product |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My little brother wore earmuffs at the fireworks show.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:earmuff:x4:1
# text = My little brother wore earmuffs at the fireworks show.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	wore	wear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	earmuffs	earmuff	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	at	at	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	fireworks	firework	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	show	show	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | past | My little brother | earmuffs |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent earmuff=Source |
| 2 | **show** | present | the fireworks |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her pink earmuffs matched her mittens.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:earmuff:x5:1
# text = Her pink earmuffs matched her mittens.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	pink	pink	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	earmuffs	earmuff	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	matched	match	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	mittens	mitten	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **match** | past | Her pink earmuffs | her mittens |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mitten=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Put your earmuffs on, it's freezing!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:earmuff:x6:1
# text = Put your earmuffs on, it's freezing!
1	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	earmuffs	earmuff	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	freezing	freezing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | imperative | you *not said here* | your earmuffs |  |  |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent earmuff=Goal |
| 2 | **is a** | present | it | freezing |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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