---
title: economist — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «economist» in the school dictionary: A person who studies or is an expert in economics — how money, jobs, prices and trade work. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# economist

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** person, economist, prices, Economists, people, aunt · **What happens:** study, be, say, rise, spend, ask · **To what, where:** expert, economics, money, economist, bank, economists · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«economist» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [economist in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/economist.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who studies or is an expert in economics — how money, jobs, prices and trade work.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:economist:m1:1
# text = A person who studies or is an expert in economics — how money, jobs, prices and trade work.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	studies	study	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	expert	expert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	economics	economics	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	8	nmod	_	_
11	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
12	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	13	advmod	_	_
13	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	jobs	job	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	prices	price	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **study** | present | a person |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a person | a expert |  | economics |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The economist said prices would rise next year.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:economist:x1:1
# text = The economist said prices would rise next year.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	economist	economist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	prices	price	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	rise	rise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
7	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the economist |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **rise** | would | prices |  |  |  | year |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Economists study how people spend money.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:economist:x2:1
# text = Economists study how people spend money.
1	Economists	economist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	study	study	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	spend	spend	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
6	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **study** | present | Economists |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **spend** | present | people | money |  |  |  |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Asset |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My aunt is an economist at a bank.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:economist:x3:1
# text = My aunt is an economist at a bank.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	aunt	aunt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	economist	economist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	bank	bank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | My aunt | a economist |  | a bank |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The government asked economists for advice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:economist:x4:1
# text = The government asked economists for advice.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	economists	economist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	advice	advice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | the government | economists |  |  |  | for advice | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent economist=Recipient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An economist uses a lot of maths and graphs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:economist:x5:1
# text = An economist uses a lot of maths and graphs.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	economist	economist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	maths	math	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	graphs	graph	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | a economist | a lot of maths and graphs |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Economists do not always agree.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:economist:x6:1
# text = Economists do not always agree.
1	Economists	economist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
4	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	5	advmod	_	_
5	agree	agree	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **agree** *speech: agree* | present · do-support | Economists |  |  |  |  | always *property* | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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