---
title: economy — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «economy» in the school dictionary: The system of how money, work, goods and services are made, bought and sold in a country or area. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# economy

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** economy, We, economy pack, Tourism, Writing, prices · **What happens:** make, buy, sell, not waste, use, depend · **To what, where:** system, country, materials, money, economy class, 24 bars · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«economy» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [economy in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/economy.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The system of how money, work, goods and services are made, bought and sold in a country or area.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:economy:m1:1
# text = The system of how money, work, goods and services are made, bought and sold in a country or area.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	system	system	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
5	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	goods	goods	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	2	appos	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	services	service	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
12	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	bought	buy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	conj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	sold	sell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	conj	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | the system of money and work |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **buy** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **sell** | participle |  |  |  | a country or area |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Careful use of money, time or materials so as not to waste them.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:economy:m2:1
# text = Careful use of money, time or materials so as not to waste them.
1	Careful	careful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	materials	material	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
10	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	waste	waste	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
14	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **waste** | to-infinitive |  | materials *= material* |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
| 2 | **use** |  |  | money |  |  |  |  | nom use «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adjective-like — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cheaper and simpler (economy class, an economy pack).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:economy:m3:1
# text = Cheaper and simpler (economy class, an economy pack).
1	Cheaper	cheap	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	simpler	simple	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	1	conj	_	_
4	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	economy	economy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	economy	economy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	pack	pack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The country's economy depends on farming and tourism.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:economy:x1:1
# text = The country's economy depends on farming and tourism.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	economy	economy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	depends	depend	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	farming	farming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	tourism	tourism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **depend** | present | the country's economy |  |  |  |  | on farming and tourism | vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S\_ING»: agent=Agent on farming=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We flew economy class to save money.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:economy:x2:1
# text = We flew economy class to save money.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	economy	economy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	save	save	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly** | past | We | economy class |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location class=Theme |
| 2 | **save** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* | money |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The economy pack has 24 bars for 6 dollars.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:economy:x3:1
# text = The economy pack has 24 bars for 6 dollars.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	economy	economy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	pack	pack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	24	24	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	bars	bar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the economy pack | 24 bars |  |  |  | for 6 dollars | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bar=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tourism is important to New Zealand's economy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:economy:x4:1
# text = Tourism is important to New Zealand's economy.
1	Tourism	tourism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	important	important	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	flat	_	_
6	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	economy	economy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Tourism |  |  |  |  | to New Zealand's economy; important *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Writing with economy means using few words.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:economy:x5:1
# text = Writing with economy means using few words.
1	Writing	write	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	csubj	_	_
2	with	with	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	economy	economy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	using	use	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | with economy | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present | Writing |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **use** *not said to happen* | gerund | Writing *not said here* | few words |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When prices rise, the economy can slow down.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:economy:x6:1
# text = When prices rise, the economy can slow down.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	prices	price	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	rise	rise	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	economy	economy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	slow	slow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	down	down	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise** | present | prices |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **slow down** | can | the economy |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If it was from economy, and you are anxious to teach me not to be wasteful, you have no cause for alarm.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:economy:x7:1
# text = If it was from economy, and you are anxious to teach me not to be wasteful, you have no cause for alarm.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	economy	economy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	anxious	anxious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	parataxis	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	teach	teach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
13	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
16	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	cop	_	_
17	wasteful	wasteful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
19	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
21	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	22	det	_	_
22	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	for	for	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	alarm	alarm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | past | it |  |  | economy |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | you |  |  |  |  | anxious *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **teach** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  | me |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent i=Recipient |
| 4 | **not** **is** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | wasteful *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **have** | present | you | no cause |  |  |  | for alarm | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cause=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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