---
title: efficacy — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «efficacy» in the school dictionary: The power to produce the result you want, especially of a medicine, treatment or method. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# efficacy

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** power, you, Doctors, We, better test results, Studies · **What happens:** produce, want, test, doubt, show, prove · **To what, where:** result, efficacy, matter

<!-- .vabout -->
«efficacy» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [efficacy in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/efficacy.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The power to produce the result you want, especially of a medicine, treatment or method.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:efficacy:m1:1
# text = The power to produce the result you want, especially of a medicine, treatment or method.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	produce	produce	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	result	result	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	want	want	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	treatment	treatment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	method	method	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **produce** | to-infinitive | the power | the result |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent result=Result |
| 2 | **want** | present | you | the result *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot result=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Doctors tested the efficacy of the new vaccine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:efficacy:x1:1
# text = Doctors tested the efficacy of the new vaccine.
1	Doctors	doctor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	tested	test	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	vaccine	vaccine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **test** | past | Doctors | the efficacy of the new vaccine |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent efficacy=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We doubted the efficacy of his homemade cure.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:efficacy:x2:1
# text = We doubted the efficacy of his homemade cure.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	doubted	doubt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	homemade	homemade	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	cure	cure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **doubt** | past | We | the efficacy of his homemade cure |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent efficacy=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The efficacy of the method was shown by better test results.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:efficacy:x3:1
# text = The efficacy of the method was shown by better test results.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	method	method	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	shown	show	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	11	amod	_	_
10	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	results	result	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past · passive | better test results | the efficacy of the method |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Studies prove the efficacy of hand washing against germs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:efficacy:x4:1
# text = Studies prove the efficacy of hand washing against germs.
1	Studies	study	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	prove	prove	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	washing	washing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	against	against	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prove** | present | Studies | the efficacy of hand washing against germs |  |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent efficacy=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scientists compared the efficacy of two sun creams.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:efficacy:x5:1
# text = Scientists compared the efficacy of two sun creams.
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	compared	compare	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
7	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	creams	cream	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **compare** | past | Scientists | the efficacy of two sun creams |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent efficacy=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The efficacy of prayer is a matter of faith for many.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:efficacy:x6:1
# text = The efficacy of prayer is a matter of faith for many.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	prayer	prayer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	matter	matter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	faith	faith	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the efficacy of prayer | a matter |  |  |  | of faith for many | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This he readily accepted, trusting to the efficacy of the antidote.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:efficacy:x7:1
# text = This he readily accepted, trusting to the efficacy of the antidote.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	nsubj	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	readily	readily	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	accepted	accept	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	trusting	trust	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	antidote	antidote	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accept** | past | This |  |  |  |  | readily *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **trust** | gerund | This *not said here* |  | the efficacy of the antidote |  |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to efficacy=Recipient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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