---
title: elapsed — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «elapsed» in the school dictionary: When time has elapsed, it has passed. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# elapsed

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Elapsed time, Ten minutes, you, stopwatch, Hours, ice · **What happens:** elapse, pass, be, come, find, show · **To what, where:** it, amount, Ten minutes, game, elapsed time, 6:30 · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«elapsed» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [elapsed in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/elapsed.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When time has elapsed, it has passed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:elapsed:m1:1
# text = When time has elapsed, it has passed.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	elapsed	elapse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	passed	pass	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **elapse** | present · perfect |  |  |  |  | time |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | present · perfect · passive |  | it |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: subject=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Elapsed time is the amount of time between a start and an end.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:elapsed:m2:1
# text = Elapsed time is the amount of time between a start and an end.
1	Elapsed	elapse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	amod	_	_
2	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	amount	amount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	between	between	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	start	start	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **elapse** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Elapsed time | the amount |  |  | time |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ten minutes elapsed before the bus came.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:elapsed:x1:1
# text = Ten minutes elapsed before the bus came.
1	Ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
3	elapsed	elapse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	before	before	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **elapse** | participle |  | Ten minutes *not said here* |  |  | before the bus |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **come** | past | Ten minutes |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Find the elapsed time from 9:15 to 10:40.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:elapsed:x2:1
# text = Find the elapsed time from 9:15 to 10:40.
1	Find	find	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	elapsed	elapse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
4	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	9:15	9:15	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nmod	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	10:40	10:40	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  | time |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **elapse** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The stopwatch shows the elapsed time of the race.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:elapsed:x3:1
# text = The stopwatch shows the elapsed time of the race.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	stopwatch	stopwatch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	elapsed	elapse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | the stopwatch |  |  |  | time |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **elapse** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hours elapsed while we played the game.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:elapsed:x4:1
# text = Hours elapsed while we played the game.
1	Hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	elapsed	elapse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	parataxis	_	_
3	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
4	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	played	play	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **elapse** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **play** | past | Hours | the game |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent game=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Not much time had elapsed before the ice melted.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:elapsed:x5:1
# text = Not much time had elapsed before the ice melted.
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	elapsed	elapse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	melted	melt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **elapse** | past · perfect |  |  |  |  | time |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **melt** | past | the ice |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What is the elapsed time if a film starts at 6:30 and ends at 8:05?

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:elapsed:x6:1
# text = What is the elapsed time if a film starts at 6:30 and ends at 8:05?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	elapsed	elapse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
6	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	starts	start	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	6:30	6:30	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	ends	end	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
14	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	8:05	8:05	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the elapsed time |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **elapse** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **start** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | a film | the elapsed time *not said here* |  | 6:30 |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent time=Eventuality |
| 4 | **end** | present | a film *not said here* |  |  | 8:05 |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After some little time had elapsed the Queen spoke one night, and said:

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:elapsed:x7:1
# text = After some little time had elapsed the Queen spoke one night, and said:
1	After	after	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
2	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	4	det	_	_
3	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	elapsed	elapse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Queen	Queen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	_
10	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **elapse** | past · perfect · passive |  | some little time |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | the Queen |  |  |  | night |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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