---
title: elongation — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «elongation» in the school dictionary: Elongation is making something longer or becoming longer, by stretching or growing. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/elongation/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [E](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/) / elongation

# elongation

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Elongation, material, weight, Plant stems, stems, We · **What happens:** make, become, stretch, grow, be, break · **To what, where:** something, elongation, centimetres, example, more elongation · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«elongation» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [elongation in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/elongation.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Elongation is making something longer or becoming longer, by stretching or growing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:elongation:m1:1
# text = Elongation is making something longer or becoming longer, by stretching or growing.
1	Elongation	elongation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obj	_	_
5	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	3	advmod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	becoming	become	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
8	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
11	stretching	stretch	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	conj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	growing	grow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · progressive | Elongation | something |  |  |  | long *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset something=Product |
| 2 | **become** | gerund | Elongation *not said here* |  |  |  |  | long *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **stretch** | gerund | Elongation *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **grow** | gerund | Elongation *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Elongation is how much a material stretches before it breaks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:elongation:m2:1
# text = Elongation is how much a material stretches before it breaks.
1	Elongation	elongation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
4	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	material	material	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	stretches	stretch	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
8	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	breaks	break	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Elongation |  |  |  |  | much *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **stretch** | present | a material |  |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **break** | present | material |  |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The elongation of the elastic band showed how heavy the weight was.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:elongation:x1:1
# text = The elongation of the elastic band showed how heavy the weight was.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	elongation	elongation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	elastic	elastic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	band	band	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
9	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	ccomp	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	weight	weight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | the elongation of the elastic band |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | past | the weight |  |  |  |  | heavy *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Plant stems show elongation as they reach for light.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:elongation:x2:1
# text = Plant stems show elongation as they reach for light.
1	Plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	stems	stem	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	show	show	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	elongation	elongation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	reach	reach	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | Plant stems | elongation |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent elongation=Recipient |
| 2 | **reach** | present | stems *= stem* |  |  |  |  | for light | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We measured the elongation of the spring in centimetres.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:elongation:x3:1
# text = We measured the elongation of the spring in centimetres.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	measured	measure	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	elongation	elongation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	centimetres	centimetre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **measure** | past | We | the elongation of the spring |  | centimetres |  |  | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme elongation=Value |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The giraffe's neck is an example of elongation of bones.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:elongation:x4:1
# text = The giraffe's neck is an example of elongation of bones.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	giraffe	giraffe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	neck	neck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	example	example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	elongation	elongation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the giraffe's neck | a example |  |  |  | of elongation of bones | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Heat can cause elongation of metal rails.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:elongation:x5:1
# text = Heat can cause elongation of metal rails.
1	Heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	cause	cause	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	elongation	elongation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	rails	rail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | can | Heat | elongation of metal rails |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition elongation=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each extra weight caused more elongation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:elongation:x6:1
# text = Each extra weight caused more elongation.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
2	extra	extra	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	weight	weight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
6	elongation	elongation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | past | each extra weight | more elongation |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition elongation=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [elongated](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/elongated/)
- next →: [eloquence](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/eloquence/)
- ↑ back to [E in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/)