---
title: email — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «email» in the school dictionary: An email is a message sent from one computer or phone to another over the internet. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# email

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** email, system, Jack, He, many emails, I · **What happens:** be, send, email, receive, get, project · **To what, where:** message, one computer, system, such messages, 6 emails, 3 emails

<!-- .vabout -->
«email» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [email in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/email.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An email is a message sent from one computer or phone to another over the internet.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:email:m1:1
# text = An email is a message sent from one computer or phone to another over the internet.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	email	email	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	computer	computer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	6	obl	_	_
14	over	over	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	internet	internet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a email | a message |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **send** | participle |  | a message *not said here* |  | one computer or phone |  | to another; over the internet | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent from computer=Initial\_Location to another=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Email is the system for sending such messages.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:email:m2:1
# text = Email is the system for sending such messages.
1	Email	email	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	system	system	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	sending	send	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
7	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	messages	message	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Email | the system |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **send** | gerund | the system *not said here* | such messages |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent message=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To email is to send an email.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:email:m3:1
# text = To email is to send an email.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	email	email	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	send	send	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	email	email	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **email** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | send *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Jack received 6 emails in the morning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:email:x1:1
# text = Jack received 6 emails in the morning.
1	Jack	Jack	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	received	receive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	emails	email	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **receive** | past | Jack | 6 emails |  |  | morning |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent email=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He got 3 emails in the afternoon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:email:x2:1
# text = He got 3 emails in the afternoon.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	emails	email	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	afternoon	afternoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | He | 3 emails |  |  | afternoon |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer email=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many emails did he get in the day?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:email:x3:1
# text = How many emails did he get in the day?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	emails	email	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past · do-support | many emails |  |  |  | day |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many more emails in the morning than in the evening?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:email:x4:1
# text = How many more emails in the morning than in the evening?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	amod	_	_
4	emails	email	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	than	than	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	evening	evening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I emailed my teacher my project.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:email:x5:1
# text = I emailed my teacher my project.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	emailed	email	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	project	project	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **email** | past | I | my teacher |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **project** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom project «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gran sends me an email every week.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:email:x6:1
# text = Gran sends me an email every week.
1	Gran	Gran	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sends	send	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	email	email	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | present | Gran | a email | me |  | week |  | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Destination email=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Check the email address before you press send.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:email:x7:1
# text = Check the email address before you press send.
1	Check	check	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	email	email	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	address	address	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	press	press	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
8	send	send	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **check** | imperative | you *not said here* | the email address |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent address=Theme |
| 2 | **press** | present | you | send |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent send=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never open an email from someone you don't know.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:email:x8:1
# text = Never open an email from someone you don't know.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	open	open	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	email	email	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obl	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **open** | imperative | you *not said here* | a email |  | someone |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location email=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **know** | present · do-support | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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