---
title: emir — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «emir» in the school dictionary: An emir is a ruler, a governor or a prince in some Arab lands. It is an old title, found in fairy tales of the East. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# emir

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**Who acts:** emir, East, emirs · **What happens:** be, find, tell, give, rule, bow · **To what, where:** ruler, old title, fairy tales, palace, prince, desert town · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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«emir» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [emir in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/emir.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An emir is a ruler, a governor or a prince in some Arab lands. It is an old title, found in fairy tales of the East.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* An emir is a ruler, a governor or a prince in some Arab lands.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:emir:m1:1
# text = An emir is a ruler, a governor or a prince in some Arab lands.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	emir	emir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ruler	ruler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	governor	governor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	prince	prince	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	15	det	_	_
14	Arab	Arab	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	lands	land	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a emir | a ruler and a governor or a prince in some Arab lands |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* It is an old title, found in fairy tales of the East.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:emir:m1:2
# text = It is an old title, found in fairy tales of the East.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	title	title	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	fairy	fairy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	tales	tale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	East	East	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | emir | a old title |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **find** | participle |  | a old title *not said here* |  | fairy tales of the East |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **tell** |  | the East |  |  |  |  |  | nom tale «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The emir gave the prince a palace.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:emir:x1:1
# text = The emir gave the prince a palace.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	emir	emir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	prince	prince	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	palace	palace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the emir | a palace | the prince |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent prince=Recipient palace=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The emir ruled the desert town.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:emir:x2:1
# text = The emir ruled the desert town.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	emir	emir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ruled	rule	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	desert	desert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rule** | past | the emir | the desert town |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent town=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The king's emirs bowed before him.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:emir:x3:1
# text = The king's emirs bowed before him.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	emirs	emir	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	bowed	bow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	before	before	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bow** | past | the king's emirs |  |  |  | before king |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before he=Location |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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