---
title: emission — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «emission» in the school dictionary: Gas, heat, light or another substance sent out into the air: car emissions. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# emission

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** act, Cars, emissions, Electric buses, Countries, emission · **What happens:** send out, emit, produce, pollute, have, agree · **To what, where:** substance, air, something, light, emissions, zero emissions

<!-- .vabout -->
«emission» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [emission in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/emission.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gas, heat, light or another substance sent out into the air: car emissions.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:emission:m1:1
# text = Gas, heat, light or another substance sent out into the air: car emissions.
1	Gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	det	_	_
8	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
9	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
10	out	out	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
11	into	into	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
15	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	emissions	emission	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send out** | participle |  | another substance *not said here* |  | the air |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The act of sending something out: the emission of light from a star.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:emission:m2:1
# text = The act of sending something out: the emission of light from a star.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	sending	send	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obj	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	emission	emission	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	star	star	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send out** | gerund | the act *not said here* | something |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |
| 2 | **emit** |  |  | light from a star |  |  |  |  | nom emission «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cars produce emissions that pollute the air.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:emission:x1:1
# text = Cars produce emissions that pollute the air.
1	Cars	car	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	produce	produce	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	emissions	emission	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	pollute	pollute	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **produce** | present | Cars | emissions |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent emission=Result |
| 2 | **pollute** | present | emissions | the air |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Electric buses have zero emissions from the exhaust.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:emission:x2:1
# text = Electric buses have zero emissions from the exhaust.
1	Electric	electric	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	buses	bus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	zero	zero	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	emissions	emission	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	exhaust	exhaust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Electric buses | zero emissions |  | the exhaust |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent emission=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Countries agreed to cut carbon emissions.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:emission:x3:1
# text = Countries agreed to cut carbon emissions.
1	Countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	agreed	agree	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	cut	cut	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	carbon	carbon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	emissions	emission	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **agree** *speech: agree* | past | Countries |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **cut** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Countries *not said here* | carbon emissions |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset emission=Product |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The emission of light from the bulb makes the room bright.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:emission:x4:1
# text = The emission of light from the bulb makes the room bright.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	emission	emission	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bulb	bulb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | the emission of light from the bulb | the room |  |  |  | bright *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset room=Product |
| 2 | **emit** |  |  | light from the bulb |  |  |  |  | nom emission «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Trees take in some of the carbon dioxide from emissions.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:emission:x5:1
# text = Trees take in some of the carbon dioxide from emissions.
1	Trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	take	take	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	carbon	carbon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	dioxide	dioxide	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	emissions	emission	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take in** | present | Trees | some |  | emissions |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent some=Theme from emission=Initial\_Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If a car gives off 2 kg of gas a day, its emission in a week is 14 kg.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:emission:x6:1
# text = If a car gives off 2 kg of gas a day, its emission in a week is 14 kg.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	off	off	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	kg	kg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
13	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	emission	emission	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
19	14	14	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	20	nummod	_	_
20	kg	kg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give off** | present | a car | 2 kg of gas |  |  | day |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source kg=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | car's emission in a week | 14 kg |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **emit** |  | car |  |  |  | in a week |  | nom emission «act transitive»: poss=agent in=obl |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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