---
title: endorse — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «endorse» in the school dictionary: To endorse someone or something means to say publicly that you support or approve of them. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# endorse

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, famous person, footballer, teachers, star, newspaper · **What happens:** endorse, mean, say, support, approve, pay · **To what, where:** someone, product, they, cheque, document, back · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«endorse» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [endorse in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/endorse.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To endorse someone or something means to say publicly that you support or approve of them.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:endorse:m1:1
# text = To endorse someone or something means to say publicly that you support or approve of them.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	endorse	endorse	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	csubj	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	conj	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	publicly	publicly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
11	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	support	support	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	approve	approve	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **endorse** | to-infinitive |  |  | someone |  |  |  | vn allow-64.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | publicly *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **support** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **approve** | present | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of them *= they* | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: money, advertising — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A famous person endorses a product when they are paid to recommend it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:endorse:m2:1
# text = A famous person endorses a product when they are paid to recommend it.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	endorses	endorse	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	product	product	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	10	mark	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	paid	pay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	recommend	recommend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **endorse** | present | a famous person | a product |  |  |  |  | vn allow-64.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent product=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **pay** | present · passive |  | they |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **recommend** | to-infinitive |  | product |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: law, money — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To endorse a cheque or document means to sign it on the back.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:endorse:m3:1
# text = To endorse a cheque or document means to sign it on the back.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	endorse	endorse	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	csubj	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cheque	cheque	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	document	document	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	sign	sign	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **endorse** | to-infinitive |  | a cheque or document |  |  |  |  | vn allow-64.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cheque=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **sign** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | document |  | the back |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme on back=Destination |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK, law — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A driving licence is endorsed when penalty points are added for breaking a driving rule.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:endorse:m4:1
# text = A driving licence is endorsed when penalty points are added for breaking a driving rule.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	driving	driving	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	licence	licence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	endorsed	endorse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	10	mark	_	_
7	penalty	penalty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	points	point	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	added	add	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	ccomp	_	_
11	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
12	breaking	break	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	driving	driving	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **endorse** | present · passive |  | a driving licence |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **add** *speech: assert* | present · passive |  | penalty points |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **break** | gerund |  | a driving rule |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer rule=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The footballer endorses a brand of trainers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:endorse:x1:1
# text = The footballer endorses a brand of trainers.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	footballer	footballer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	endorses	endorse	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	brand	brand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	trainers	trainer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **endorse** | present | the footballer | a brand of trainers |  |  |  |  | vn allow-64.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brand=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **brand** |  |  | trainers |  |  |  |  | nom brand «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teachers endorsed the plan for a longer playtime.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:endorse:x2:1
# text = The teachers endorsed the plan for a longer playtime.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teachers	teacher	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	endorsed	endorse	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	longer	long	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	amod	_	_
9	playtime	playtime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **endorse** | past | the teachers | the plan |  |  |  | for a longer playtime | vn allow-64.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plan=Beneficiary |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Remember: if a star endorses a snack, they are often paid.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:endorse:x3:1
# text = Remember: if a star endorses a snack, they are often paid.
1	Remember	remember	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
3	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	star	star	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	endorses	endorse	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	snack	snack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
12	often	often	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	paid	pay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remember** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **endorse** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | a star | a snack |  |  |  |  | vn allow-64.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent snack=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **pay** | present · passive |  | they |  |  |  | often *property* | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Asset |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The newspaper endorsed the new mayor.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:endorse:x4:1
# text = The newspaper endorsed the new mayor.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	newspaper	newspaper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	endorsed	endorse	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	mayor	mayor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **endorse** | past | the newspaper | the new mayor |  |  |  |  | vn allow-64.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mayor=Beneficiary |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I fully endorse what Maya said.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:endorse:x5:1
# text = I fully endorse what Maya said.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	fully	fully	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	endorse	endorse	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	6	obj	_	_
5	Maya	Maya	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **endorse** | present | I |  |  |  |  | fully *property* | vn allow-64.1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Causer clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Maya |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad endorsed the cheque before taking it to the bank.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:endorse:x6:1
# text = Dad endorsed the cheque before taking it to the bank.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	endorsed	endorse	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cheque	cheque	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	taking	take	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	bank	bank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **endorse** | past | Dad | the cheque |  |  |  |  | vn allow-64.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cheque=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **take** | gerund | Dad *not said here* | cheque |  | the bank |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme to bank=Destination |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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