---
title: enemy — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «enemy» in the school dictionary: An enemy is a person who hates you or wants to harm you, or someone you fight against. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/enemy/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [E](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/) / enemy

# enemy

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** enemy, person, you, army, Frost, knight · **What happens:** be, hate, want, harm, fight, come · **To what, where:** person, you, army, war, anything, something

<!-- .vabout -->
«enemy» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [enemy in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/enemy.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An enemy is a person who hates you or wants to harm you, or someone you fight against.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:enemy:m1:1
# text = An enemy is a person who hates you or wants to harm you, or someone you fight against.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	hates	hate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	wants	want	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	harm	harm	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	appos	_	_
17	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	fight	fight	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
19	against	against	ADP	IN	_	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a enemy | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hate** | present | a person | you |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus |
| 3 | **want** | present | a person *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 4 | **harm** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | a person *not said here* | you |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus you=Experiencer |
| 5 | **fight** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The enemy is the army or country fighting against your side in a war.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:enemy:m2:1
# text = The enemy is the army or country fighting against your side in a war.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	fighting	fight	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
9	against	against	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the enemy | the army or country |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **fight** | gerund | the army or country *not said here* |  |  | a war |  | against your side | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An enemy is anything that harms something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:enemy:m3:1
# text = An enemy is anything that harms something.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	harms	harm	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a enemy | anything |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **harm** | present |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus something=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Frost is the enemy of flowers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:enemy:m3e:1
# text = Frost is the enemy of flowers.
1	Frost	frost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Frost | the enemy |  |  |  | of flowers | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The knight fought his enemy bravely.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:enemy:x1:1
# text = The knight fought his enemy bravely.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fought	fight	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	bravely	bravely	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fight** | past | the knight | knight's enemy |  |  |  | bravely *property* | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent enemy=Co-Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cats are the natural enemies of mice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:enemy:x2:1
# text = Cats are the natural enemies of mice.
1	Cats	cat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	natural	natural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	enemies	enemy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	mice	mouse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Cats | the natural enemies |  |  |  | of mice | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The enemy army came over the hill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:enemy:x3:1
# text = The enemy army came over the hill.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	enemy	enemy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the enemy army |  |  | the hill |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme over hill=Initial\_Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Try not to make enemies at school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:enemy:x4:1
# text = Try not to make enemies at school.
1	Try	try	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
5	enemies	enemy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **try** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **not** **make** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | enemies |  | school |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset enemy=Product |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The two kings were enemies for many years.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:enemy:x5:1
# text = The two kings were enemies for many years.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	enemies	enemy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the two kings | enemies |  |  | year |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Batman and the Joker are enemies.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:enemy:x6:1
# text = Batman and the Joker are enemies.
1	Batman	batman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Joker	Joker	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	enemies	enemy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Batman and the Joker | enemies |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Laziness is the enemy of success.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:enemy:x7:1
# text = Laziness is the enemy of success.
1	Laziness	laziness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	success	success	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Laziness | the enemy |  |  |  | of success | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Suddenly the enemy came in sight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:enemy:x8:1
# text = Suddenly the enemy came in sight.
1	Suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	sight	sight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the enemy |  |  | sight |  | suddenly *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sight=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [endure](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/endure/)
- next →: [energetic](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/energetic/)
- ↑ back to [E in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/)