---
title: engender — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «engender» in the school dictionary: To engender a feeling or situation is to cause it or make it begin: «Kindness engenders trust». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# engender

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** situation, Kindness, child, Fair rules, rude jokes, His · **What happens:** engender, be, make, begin, find, joke · **To what, where:** feeling, situation, trust, child, father, sense · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«engender» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [engender in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/engender.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To engender a feeling or situation is to cause it or make it begin: «Kindness engenders trust».

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:engender:m1:1
# text = To engender a feeling or situation is to cause it or make it begin: «Kindness engenders trust».
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	engender	engender	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	situation	situation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	cause	cause	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	begin	begin	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
16	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	Kindness	kindness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	engenders	engender	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
19	trust	trust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **engender** | to-infinitive |  | a feeling or situation |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition feeling=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | cause *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **make** | infinitive |  | situation |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **begin** | infinitive | situation *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 5 | **engender** *in a quote* | present | Kindness | trust |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition trust=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old use — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To engender a child is to father it; this sense is found only in very old books.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:engender:m2:1
# text = To engender a child is to father it; this sense is found only in very old books.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	engender	engender	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	ccomp	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	11	det	_	_
11	sense	sense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	_
14	only	only	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	very	very	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **engender** | to-infinitive |  | child |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition it=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a child | father |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **find** | present · passive |  | this sense |  | old books |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fair rules engender respect in the class.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:engender:x1:1
# text = Fair rules engender respect in the class.
1	Fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	engender	engender	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	respect	respect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **engender** | present | Fair rules | respect |  | the class |  |  | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition respect=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His rude jokes engendered a lot of anger.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:engender:x2:1
# text = His rude jokes engendered a lot of anger.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	rude	rude	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	jokes	joke	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	engendered	engender	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	anger	anger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **engender** | past | His rude jokes | a lot of anger |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition lot=Patient |
| 2 | **joke** |  | His *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom joke «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The coach's praise engendered confidence in the team.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:engender:x3:1
# text = The coach's praise engendered confidence in the team.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	coach	coach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	praise	praise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	engendered	engender	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	confidence	confidence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **engender** | past | the coach's praise | confidence |  | the team |  |  | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition confidence=Patient |
| 2 | **praise** |  | the coach |  |  |  |  |  | nom praise «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rumours can engender fear in a small town.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:engender:x4:1
# text = Rumours can engender fear in a small town.
1	Rumours	rumour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	engender	engender	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	fear	fear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **engender** | can | Rumours | fear |  | a small town |  |  | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition fear=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Good teamwork engenders friendship.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:engender:x5:1
# text = Good teamwork engenders friendship.
1	Good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	teamwork	teamwork	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	engenders	engender	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	friendship	friendship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **engender** | present | Good teamwork | friendship |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition friendship=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The new law engendered a long debate in Parliament.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:engender:x6:1
# text = The new law engendered a long debate in Parliament.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	engendered	engender	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	debate	debate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Parliament	Parliament	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **engender** | past | the new law | a long debate |  | Parliament |  |  | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition debate=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Their blood, a bright ethereal fluid called Ichor, never engendered disease, and, when shed, had the power of producing new life.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:engender:x7:1
# text = Their blood, a bright ethereal fluid called Ichor, never engendered disease, and, when shed, had the power of producing new life.
1	Their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	ethereal	ethereal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	fluid	fluid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
8	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	Ichor	Ichor	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	engendered	engender	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	amod	_	_
13	disease	disease	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	18	advmod	_	_
18	shed	shed	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
20	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
24	producing	produce	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	22	acl	_	_
25	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | participle |  | a bright ethereal fluid *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **engender** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition |
| 3 | **shed** | participle | Their blood and engendered disease *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source |
| 4 | **have** | past | Their blood and engendered disease | the power |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent power=Patient |
| 5 | **produce** | gerund | the power *not said here* | new life |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Result |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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