---
title: eraser — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «eraser» in the school dictionary: A small piece of rubber or plastic used to remove pencil marks. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# eraser

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, pencil, teacher, Erasers, 4 erasers, you · **What happens:** use, remove, wipe, borrow, make, have · **To what, where:** rubber, pencil marks, pad, chalkboard, eraser, mistake

<!-- .vabout -->
«eraser» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [eraser in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/eraser.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A small piece of rubber or plastic used to remove pencil marks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:eraser:m1:1
# text = A small piece of rubber or plastic used to remove pencil marks.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	rubber	rubber	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	plastic	plastic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	remove	remove	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
11	pencil	pencil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	marks	mark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  | rubber or plastic *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **remove** | to-infinitive |  | pencil marks |  |  |  |  | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mark=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pad used to wipe a chalkboard or whiteboard clean.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:eraser:m2:1
# text = A pad used to wipe a chalkboard or whiteboard clean.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pad	pad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	wipe	wipe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	chalkboard	chalkboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	whiteboard	whiteboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	clean	clean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  | a pad *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **wipe** | to-infinitive |  | a chalkboard or whiteboard |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent chalkboard=Source |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Can I borrow your eraser? I made a mistake.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Can I borrow your eraser?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:eraser:x1:1
# text = Can I borrow your eraser?
1	Can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	borrow	borrow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	eraser	eraser	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **borrow** | can | I | your eraser |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eraser=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* I made a mistake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:eraser:x1:2
# text = I made a mistake.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	mistake	mistake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | I | a mistake |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mistake=Product |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My pencil has an eraser on the end.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:eraser:x2:1
# text = My pencil has an eraser on the end.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	pencil	pencil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	eraser	eraser	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | My pencil | a eraser |  |  | on the end |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eraser=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher cleaned the whiteboard with the eraser.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:eraser:x3:1
# text = The teacher cleaned the whiteboard with the eraser.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	cleaned	clean	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	whiteboard	whiteboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	eraser	eraser	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **clean** | past | the teacher | the whiteboard |  |  |  | with the eraser | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent whiteboard=Patient with eraser=Instrument |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Erasers cost 50 cents each; 4 erasers cost $2.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:eraser:x4:1
# text = Erasers cost 50 cents each; 4 erasers cost $2.
1	Erasers	eraser	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	cost	cost	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	50	50	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	cents	cent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	erasers	eraser	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	cost	cost	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	$	$	SYM	$	_	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | Erasers | 50 cents |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme cent=Value |
| 2 | **cost** | present | 4 erasers |  |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme $=Value |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rub gently with the eraser so you don't tear the paper.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:eraser:x5:1
# text = Rub gently with the eraser so you don't tear the paper.
1	Rub	rub	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	gently	gently	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	eraser	eraser	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	tear	tear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rub** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with the eraser; gently *property* | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent with eraser=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **tear** | present · do-support | you | the paper |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location paper=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I lost my eraser again!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:eraser:x6:1
# text = I lost my eraser again!
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lost	lose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	eraser	eraser	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	again	again	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | past | I | my eraser |  |  | again |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eraser=Eventuality |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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