---
title: european — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «european» in the school dictionary: From or to do with Europe, the continent that includes countries such as France, Germany, Spain, Ireland and the UK. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# european

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** continent, France, Many European cities, European Union, countries, European family · **What happens:** do, include, be, have, work together, move · **To what, where:** countries, European country, old castles, group, next door, many different languages · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«european» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [european in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/european.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
From or to do with Europe, the continent that includes countries such as France, Germany, Spain, Ireland and the UK.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:european:m1:1
# text = From or to do with Europe, the continent that includes countries such as France, Germany, Spain, Ireland and the UK.
1	From	from	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	do	do	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	continent	continent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	includes	include	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
12	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
13	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	15	case	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	fixed	_	_
15	France	France	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	Germany	Germany	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	Spain	Spain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	Ireland	Ireland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with Europe | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **include** | present | the continent | countries |  |  |  | such France and Germany and Spain and Ireland and the UK | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent country=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
European countries.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:european:m1e:1
# text = European countries.
1	European	European	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person from Europe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:european:m2:1
# text = A person from Europe.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
France is a European country.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:european:x1:1
# text = France is a European country.
1	France	France	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	European	European	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | France | a European country |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many European cities have old castles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:european:x2:1
# text = Many European cities have old castles.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	European	European	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	castles	castle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Many European cities | old castles |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent castle=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The European Union is a group of countries that work together.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:european:x3:1
# text = The European Union is a group of countries that work together.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	European	European	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Union	Union	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	work	work	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	together	together	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the European Union | a group |  |  |  | of countries | tree rules |
| 2 | **work together** | present | countries |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A European family moved in next door.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:european:x4:1
# text = A European family moved in next door.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	European	European	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	moved	move	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | past | a European family |  |  | next door |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme in door=Trajectory |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We learned about European explorers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:european:x5:1
# text = We learned about European explorers.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	learned	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	about	about	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	European	European	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	explorers	explorer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | past | We |  |  |  |  | about European explorers | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about explorer=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Europeans speak many different languages.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:european:x6:1
# text = Europeans speak many different languages.
1	Europeans	european	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	speak	speak	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | Europeans | many different languages |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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