---
title: ev — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ev» in the school dictionary: EV stands for electric vehicle, a car, bus or bike that runs on electricity from a battery instead of petrol or diesel. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# ev

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** EV, bus, neighbour, car park, six EV, EVs · **What happens:** stand, run, use, be, buy, charge · **To what, where:** electricity, tiny unit, physics, fragment, contexts, EV

<!-- .vabout -->
«ev» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ev in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/ev.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: abbreviation — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
EV stands for electric vehicle, a car, bus or bike that runs on electricity from a battery instead of petrol or diesel.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ev:m1:1
# text = EV stands for electric vehicle, a car, bus or bike that runs on electricity from a battery instead of petrol or diesel.
1	EV	ev	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stands	stand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	electric	electric	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	bike	bike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	runs	run	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
15	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	electricity	electricity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
17	from	from	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	battery	battery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
20	instead	instead	ADV	RB	ExtPos=ADP	22	case	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	fixed	_	_
22	petrol	petrol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
23	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	diesel	diesel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | present | EV |  |  |  |  | for electric vehicle and a car and bus or bike | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer for vehicle=Attribute |
| 2 | **run** | present | bus or bike |  |  | electricity |  | from a battery; instead petrol or diesel | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on electricity=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
eV stands for electronvolt, a tiny unit of energy used in physics.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ev:m2:1
# text = eV stands for electronvolt, a tiny unit of energy used in physics.
1	eV	ev	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stands	stand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	electronvolt	electronvolt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	unit	unit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	physics	physic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | present | eV |  |  |  |  | for electronvolt | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer for electronvolt=Attribute |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | a tiny unit of energy *not said here* |  | physics |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In some contexts «ev» is a fragment of «every» or «even» in casual typing.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ev:m3:1
# text = In some contexts «ev» is a fragment of «every» or «even» in casual typing.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	3	det	_	_
3	contexts	context	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	ev	ev	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	fragment	fragment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
15	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	even	even	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	casual	casual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	typing	typing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | a fragment |  | some contexts and ev |  | of every | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our neighbour bought an EV and charges it overnight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ev:x1:1
# text = Our neighbour bought an EV and charges it overnight.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	neighbour	neighbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	EV	ev	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	charges	charge	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	overnight	overnight	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | past | Our neighbour | a EV |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ev=Theme |
| 2 | **charge** | present | Our neighbour *not said here* | EV |  |  |  | overnight *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location it=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The car park has six EV charging points.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ev:x2:1
# text = The car park has six EV charging points.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	EV	ev	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	charging	charge	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
8	points	point	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the car park | six EV |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ev=Patient |
| 2 | **charge** | gerund | six EV *not said here* | points |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location point=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
EVs are quiet, so be careful crossing the road.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ev:x3:1
# text = EVs are quiet, so be careful crossing the road.
1	EVs	ev	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	quiet	quiet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
7	careful	careful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
8	crossing	cross	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | EVs |  |  |  |  | quiet *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | infinitive | EVs *not said here* |  |  |  |  | careful *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **cross** | gerund | EVs *not said here* | the road |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent road=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An EV does not give off exhaust fumes from the car itself.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ev:x4:1
# text = An EV does not give off exhaust fumes from the car itself.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	EV	ev	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	off	off	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	exhaust	exhaust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	fumes	fume	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
12	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes	11	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **give off** | present · do-support | a EV | exhaust fumes |  | the car  EV |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source fume=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The school minibus is now an EV.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ev:x5:1
# text = The school minibus is now an EV.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	minibus	minibus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	EV	ev	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the school minibus | a EV |  |  | now |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How far can the EV go on a full charge?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ev:x6:1
# text = How far can the EV go on a full charge?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	EV	EV	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	charge	charge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | can | the EV |  |  | a full charge |  | far *property* | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on charge=Location |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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