---
title: examen — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «examen» in the school dictionary: The examen is a short daily prayer in which a person looks back over the day, thanks God for good things and asks forgiveness for wrong ones; it comes from Saint Ignatius of Loyola. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# examen

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** examen, person, she, you, Christians, teacher · **What happens:** be, look back, thank, ask, come, not be · **To what, where:** short daily prayer, God, forgiveness, Saint Ignatius, French word, ordinary English word · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«examen» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [examen in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/examen.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: church — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The examen is a short daily prayer in which a person looks back over the day, thanks God for good things and asks forgiveness for wrong ones; it comes from Saint Ignatius of Loyola.

<!-- fold The tree, 34 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:examen:m1:1
# text = The examen is a short daily prayer in which a person looks back over the day, thanks God for good things and asks forgiveness for wrong ones; it comes from Saint Ignatius of Loyola.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	examen	examen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	daily	daily	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	prayer	prayer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	obl	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	looks	look	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
13	back	back	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	over	over	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	thanks	thank	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
19	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
20	for	for	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	asks	ask	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
25	forgiveness	forgiveness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
26	for	for	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	31	punct	_	_
30	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
31	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
32	from	from	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	Saint	Saint	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	compound	_	_
34	Ignatius	Ignatius	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	Loyola	Loyola	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the examen | a short daily prayer |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **look back** | present | a person |  |  |  | day | in a short daily prayer | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in which=Theme |
| 3 | **thank** *speech: thank* | present | a person *not said here* |  | God |  |  | for good things | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent god=Theme for thing=Attribute |
| 4 | **ask** *speech: ask* | present | a person *not said here* | forgiveness |  |  |  | for wrong ones | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent forgiveness=Recipient |
| 5 | **come** | present | person |  |  | Saint Ignatius of Loyola |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from ignatius=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: French — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Examen» is the French word for an exam or test; it is not an ordinary English word in that sense.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:examen:m2:1
# text = «Examen» is the French word for an exam or test; it is not an ordinary English word in that sense.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Examen	examen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	exam	exam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
16	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
17	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
18	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
19	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	23	det	_	_
23	sense	sense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Examen | the French word and a ordinary English word |  |  |  | for a exam or test | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **is a** | present | Examen | a ordinary English word |  | that sense |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old, formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An examination or careful study.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:examen:m3:1
# text = An examination or careful study.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	examination	examination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	careful	careful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	study	study	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Every night before bed she prays the examen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:examen:x1:1
# text = Every night before bed she prays the examen.
1	Every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	before	before	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	prays	pray	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	examen	examen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pray** | present | she | the examen |  |  | night |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the examen you think about the best moment of your day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:examen:x2:1
# text = In the examen you think about the best moment of your day.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	examen	examen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	think	think	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	about	about	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	9	amod	_	_
9	moment	moment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* | present | you |  |  | the examen | moment |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Christians who pray the examen ask God to help them do better tomorrow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:examen:x3:1
# text = Christians who pray the examen ask God to help them do better tomorrow.
1	Christians	Christian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	pray	pray	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	examen	examen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	ask	ask	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
7	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	better	well	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	11	advmod	_	_
13	tomorrow	tomorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pray** | present | Christians | the examen |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | infinitive | Christians *not said here* |  | God |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S\_INF»: agent=Agent god=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 3 | **help** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Christians *not said here* | Christians *= christian* |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 4 | **do** *not said to happen* | infinitive | Christians *= christian* *not said here* |  |  |  | tomorrow | well *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our teacher led a short examen at the end of the school day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:examen:x4:1
# text = Our teacher led a short examen at the end of the school day.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	examen	examen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | past | Our teacher | a short examen |  |  | at the end of the school day |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent examen=Theme at end=Destination |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The examen was taught by Saint Ignatius.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:examen:x5:1
# text = The examen was taught by Saint Ignatius.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	examen	examen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	taught	teach	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	Saint	Saint	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	Ignatius	Ignatius	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **teach** *speech: other* | past · passive | Saint Ignatius | the examen |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(French) «J'ai un examen demain» means «I have an exam tomorrow».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:examen:x6:1
# text = (French) «J'ai un examen demain» means «I have an exam tomorrow».
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	French	French	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	J'ai	J'ai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
6	un	un	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	examen	examen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	demain	demain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
10	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	ccomp	_	_
14	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	exam	exam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	tomorrow	tomorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | J'ai examen demain | French |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **have** *in a quote* | present | I | a exam |  |  | tomorrow |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent exam=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The examen has steps: thanks, review, sorry and hope.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:examen:x7:1
# text = The examen has steps: thanks, review, sorry and hope.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	examen	examen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
6	thanks	thanks	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	review	review	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	sorry	sorry	INTJ	UH	_	6	discourse	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	hope	hope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the examen | steps and thanks and review and hope |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent step=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We wrote our own examen in our reflection journals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:examen:x8:1
# text = We wrote our own examen in our reflection journals.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wrote	write	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	examen	examen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	reflection	reflection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	journals	journal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | past | We | our own examen |  | our reflection journals |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent examen=Theme in journal=Destination |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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