---
title: exclamation — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «exclamation» in the school dictionary: An exclamation is a short, sudden word or phrase said loudly to show surprise, anger, pain, joy or another strong feeling, like «Wow!» or «Ouch!». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# exclamation

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** exclamation, phrase, exclamation mark, Ouch, you, She · **What happens:** be, say, show, put, give, open · **To what, where:** short sudden word, surprise, punctuation mark, exclamation, exclamation mark, end · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«exclamation» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [exclamation in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/exclamation.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An exclamation is a short, sudden word or phrase said loudly to show surprise, anger, pain, joy or another strong feeling, like «Wow!» or «Ouch!».

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exclamation:m1:1
# text = An exclamation is a short, sudden word or phrase said loudly to show surprise, anger, pain, joy or another strong feeling, like «Wow!» or «Ouch!».
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	phrase	phrase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
12	loudly	loudly	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	_
15	surprise	surprise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	anger	anger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	joy	joy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
22	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
23	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	25	det	_	_
24	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
27	like	like	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	Wow	wow	INTJ	UH	_	34	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	29	punct	_	_
32	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
33	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	34	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	Ouch	ouch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	34	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	34	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a exclamation | a short sudden word |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | phrase |  |  |  |  | loudly *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **show** | to-infinitive | phrase *not said here* | surprise and anger and pain and joy or another strong feeling |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent surprise=Recipient ouch=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An exclamation mark (UK) or exclamation point (US) is the punctuation mark «!».

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exclamation:m2:1
# text = An exclamation mark (UK) or exclamation point (US) is the punctuation mark «!».
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	mark	mark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
4	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	5	punct	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
10	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	US	US	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	11	punct	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	mark	mark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
17	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a exclamation mark or exclamation point | the punctuation mark |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Ouch!» is an exclamation of pain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exclamation:x1:1
# text = «Ouch!» is an exclamation of pain.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Ouch	ouch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Ouch | a exclamation |  |  |  | of pain | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Put an exclamation mark at the end of «What a lovely day!»

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exclamation:x2:1
# text = Put an exclamation mark at the end of «What a lovely day!»
1	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	mark	mark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	What	what	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	13	det:predet	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	lovely	lovely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | imperative | you *not said here* | a exclamation mark |  |  | at the end of what lovely day |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent mark=Theme at end=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She gave an exclamation of delight when she opened the present.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exclamation:x3:1
# text = She gave an exclamation of delight when she opened the present.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	delight	delight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	present	present	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | She | a exclamation of delight |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent exclamation=Theme |
| 2 | **open** | past | she | the present |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location present=Theme |
| 3 | **exclaim** |  |  | delight |  |  |  |  | nom exclamation «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't use too many exclamation marks in your story.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exclamation:x4:1
# text = Don't use too many exclamation marks in your story.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	too	too	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	marks	mark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **use** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | many exclamation marks |  | your story |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mark=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«How tall you have grown!» is an exclamation sentence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exclamation:x5:1
# text = «How tall you have grown!» is an exclamation sentence.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
3	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	nsubj	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	sentence	sentence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** *in a quote* | present · perfect | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | tall | a exclamation sentence |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There were exclamations of surprise when the magician vanished.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exclamation:x6:1
# text = There were exclamations of surprise when the magician vanished.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	exclamations	exclamation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	surprise	surprise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	magician	magician	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	vanished	vanish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | exclamations of surprise |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **vanish** | past | the magician |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **exclaim** |  |  | surprise |  |  |  |  | nom exclamation «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In America it's called an exclamation point.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exclamation:x7:1
# text = In America it's called an exclamation point.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present · passive |  | it |  | America |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
With an exclamation of sudden understanding the father smote his two hands together.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exclamation:x8:1
# text = With an exclamation of sudden understanding the father smote his two hands together.
1	With	with	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
4	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	understanding	understand	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	smote	smite	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
13	together	together	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **understand** | gerund | the father *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **smite** | past | the father | father's two hands |  |  |  | with a exclamation; together *property* | vn hit-18.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent hand=Patient with exclamation=Instrument |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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