---
title: exclude — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «exclude» in the school dictionary: To keep someone or something out; not to let them join or take part. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/exclude/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [E](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/) / exclude

# exclude

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** them, something, you, price, She, they · **What happens:** keep out, not let, join, take, leave out, not count · **To what, where:** someone, them, part, something, purpose, pupil · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«exclude» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [exclude in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/exclude.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To keep someone or something out; not to let them join or take part.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exclude:m1:1
# text = To keep someone or something out; not to let them join or take part.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	conj	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	join	join	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	conj	_	_
15	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep out** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **let** | to-infinitive |  | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **join** | infinitive | them *= they* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **take** | infinitive | them *= they* *not said here* | part |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To leave something out on purpose; not to count it or include it.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exclude:m2:1
# text = To leave something out on purpose; not to count it or include it.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	purpose	purpose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	count	count	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	include	include	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave out** | to-infinitive |  | something |  | purpose |  |  | vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **count** | to-infinitive |  | purpose |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 3 | **include** | present |  | purpose |  |  |  |  | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK school — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To send a pupil away from school as a punishment, for a time or for ever.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exclude:m3:1
# text = To send a pupil away from school as a punishment, for a time or for ever.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	send	send	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	away	away	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	punishment	punishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send away** | to-infinitive |  | a pupil |  | school | time | as a punishment; away *property* | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent pupil=Theme from school=Source |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To decide that something is not possible (exclude a possibility).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exclude:m4:1
# text = To decide that something is not possible (exclude a possibility).
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	decide	decide	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	possible	possible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	advcl	_	_
8	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	exclude	exclude	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	possibility	possibility	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decide** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **is** | present | something |  |  |  |  | possible *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **exclude** | infinitive |  | a possibility |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer possibility=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't exclude anyone from the game.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exclude:x1:1
# text = Don't exclude anyone from the game.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	exclude	exclude	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **exclude** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  | anyone | the game |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer anyone=Beneficiary from game=Eventuality |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The price is 20 pounds, excluding delivery.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exclude:x2:1
# text = The price is 20 pounds, excluding delivery.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	price	price	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	pounds	pound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	excluding	exclude	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	amod	_	_
8	delivery	delivery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the price | 20 pounds and excluding delivery |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **exclude** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Causer |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Count the numbers from 1 to 10, excluding 3 and 7.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exclude:x3:1
# text = Count the numbers from 1 to 10, excluding 3 and 7.
1	Count	count	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	obl	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	excluding	exclude	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
10	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	obj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	7	7	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **count** | imperative | you *not said here* | the numbers |  | 1 to 10 |  |  | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Theme |
| 2 | **exclude** | gerund | you *not said here* | 3 |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer 3=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was excluded from school for a week.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exclude:x4:1
# text = He was excluded from school for a week.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	excluded	exclude	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exclude** | past · passive |  | He |  | school | week |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Beneficiary from school=Eventuality |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She felt excluded when they didn't invite her.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exclude:x5:1
# text = She felt excluded when they didn't invite her.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	excluded	exclude	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	xcomp	_	_
4	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	8	mark	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
6	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	invite	invite	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
9	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | past | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **exclude** | participle | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Causer |
| 3 | **not** **invite** | past · do-support | they |  | her *= she* |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Recipient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The police have excluded the possibility of a fire.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exclude:x6:1
# text = The police have excluded the possibility of a fire.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	police	police	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	excluded	exclude	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	possibility	possibility	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exclude** | present · perfect · passive |  | the police |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dumb creature might demand a future life also, and declare the law unjust that excludes it from the advantages of the higher creation."

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exclude:x7:1
# text = The dumb creature might demand a future life also, and declare the law unjust that excludes it from the advantages of the higher creation."
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	dumb	dumb	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	creature	creature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	demand	demand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	future	future	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	also	also	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	declare	declare	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	unjust	unjust	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
16	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
17	excludes	exclude	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	acl:relcl	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	from	from	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	advantages	advantage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	higher	high	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	25	amod	_	_
25	creation	creation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **demand** *speech: request* | might | the dumb creature | a future life |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme life=Precondition |
| 2 | **declare** *speech: other* | infinitive | the dumb creature *not said here* | the law |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent law=Attribute |
| 3 | **exclude** | present | the law | law |  | the advantages of the higher creation |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer it=Beneficiary from advantage=Eventuality |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [exclamation](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/exclamation/)
- next →: [exclusion](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/exclusion/)
- ↑ back to [E in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/)