---
title: execution — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «execution» in the school dictionary: An execution is the killing of a person as an official punishment for a crime, decided by a court or ruler. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# execution

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** execution, computer, Charles execution, Many countries, plan, gymnast · **What happens:** be, decide, do, carry out, execute, mean · **To what, where:** killing, execution, Great idea, plan, legal order, program

<!-- .vabout -->
«execution» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [execution in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/execution.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An execution is the killing of a person as an official punishment for a crime, decided by a court or ruler.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:execution:m1:1
# text = An execution is the killing of a person as an official punishment for a crime, decided by a court or ruler.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	execution	execution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	killing	killing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	official	official	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	punishment	punishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	crime	crime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	decided	decide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
18	by	by	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	court	court	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	ruler	ruler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a execution | the killing |  |  |  | of a person as a official punishment for a crime | tree rules |
| 2 | **decide** | participle |  | the killing *not said here* |  |  |  | by a court or ruler | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The execution of a plan, task or skill is the doing or carrying out of it, and how well it is done: «Great idea, poor execution».

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:execution:m2:1
# text = The execution of a plan, task or skill is the doing or carrying out of it, and how well it is done: «Great idea, poor execution».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	execution	execution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	task	task	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	skill	skill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
12	doing	do	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	28	csubj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	carrying	carry	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	conj	_	_
15	out	out	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
20	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	21	advmod	_	_
21	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	24	advmod	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj:pass	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux:pass	_	_
24	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
26	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	Great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	execution	execution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	28	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **carry out** | gerund |  | execution |  |  |  |  | vn act-114 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |
| 3 | **do** | present · passive |  | execution |  |  |  | well *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |
| 4 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | the execution of a plan or skill | the Great idea |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **execute** |  |  | a plan or skill |  |  |  |  | nom execution «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: law, computing — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Execution can mean carrying out a will or legal order, or a computer running a program.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:execution:m3:1
# text = Execution can mean carrying out a will or legal order, or a computer running a program.
1	Execution	execution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	carrying	carry	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	xcomp	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
7	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	legal	legal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	computer	computer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	_
15	running	run	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	acl	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	program	program	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Execution |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **carry out** *not said to happen* | gerund | Execution *not said here* | a legal order |  |  |  |  | vn act-114 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent order=Eventuality |
| 3 | **run** | gerund | a computer *not said here* | a program |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme program=Trajectory |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Charles I's execution took place in London in 1649.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:execution:x1:1
# text = Charles I's execution took place in London in 1649.
1	Charles	Charles	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	execution	execution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	London	London	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	1649	1649	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | Charles execution | place |  | London |  | in 1649 | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent place=Value in 1649=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many countries have banned execution as a punishment.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:execution:x2:1
# text = Many countries have banned execution as a punishment.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	banned	ban	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	execution	execution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	punishment	punishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ban** | present · perfect | Many countries | execution |  |  |  | as a punishment | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer execution=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The plan was clever, but the execution was messy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:execution:x3:1
# text = The plan was clever, but the execution was messy.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	clever	clever	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	execution	execution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	messy	messy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the plan |  |  |  |  | clever *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | the execution |  |  |  |  | messy *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The gymnast scored high marks for execution.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:execution:x4:1
# text = The gymnast scored high marks for execution.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	gymnast	gymnast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	scored	score	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	marks	mark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	execution	execution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **score** | past | the gymnast | high marks |  |  |  | for execution | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent mark=Theme for execution=Source |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The program stops execution when it finds an error.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:execution:x5:1
# text = The program stops execution when it finds an error.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	program	program	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stops	stop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	execution	execution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	7	mark	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	finds	find	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	error	error	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | present | the program | execution |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality execution=Eventuality |
| 2 | **find** | present | program | a error |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent error=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lawyer was in charge of the execution of the will.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:execution:x6:1
# text = The lawyer was in charge of the execution of the will.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lawyer	lawyer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	charge	charge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	execution	execution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the lawyer |  |  | charge |  | of the execution | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
These are the same tones, the same execution.”

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:execution:x7:1
# text = These are the same tones, the same execution.”
1	These	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	tones	tone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	execution	execution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | These | the same tones |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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