---
title: exercise — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «exercise» in the school dictionary: Exercise is moving your body to keep fit and healthy, like running, swimming or playing sport. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# exercise

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Exercise, animal, exercise book, We, you, your · **What happens:** move, keep, run, swim, play, be · **To what, where:** body, sport, movement, exercises, piece, animal

<!-- .vabout -->
«exercise» in the school dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [exercise in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/exercise.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Exercise is moving your body to keep fit and healthy, like running, swimming or playing sport.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exercise:m1:1
# text = Exercise is moving your body to keep fit and healthy, like running, swimming or playing sport.
1	Exercise	exercise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	moving	move	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	fit	fit	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	healthy	healthy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	like	like	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
13	running	run	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	swimming	swim	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	playing	play	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	conj	_	_
18	sport	sport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | present · progressive | Exercise | your body |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent body=Theme |
| 2 | **keep** | to-infinitive | Exercise *not said here* |  |  |  |  | fit *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **run** | gerund | Exercise *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **swim** | gerund | Exercise *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **play** | gerund | Exercise *not said here* | sport |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sport=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An exercise is a movement or activity done to get stronger or better, like stretching exercises.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exercise:m2:1
# text = An exercise is a movement or activity done to get stronger or better, like stretching exercises.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	exercise	exercise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	movement	movement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	activity	activity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
11	stronger	strong	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	10	xcomp	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	like	like	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
16	stretching	stretch	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
17	exercises	exercise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a exercise | a movement or activity |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | participle |  | a movement or activity *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **get** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | strong *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **stretch** | gerund |  | exercises |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent exercise=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An exercise is a piece of school work or a set of questions for practice.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exercise:m3:1
# text = An exercise is a piece of school work or a set of questions for practice.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	exercise	exercise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	set	set	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	questions	question	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
14	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	practice	practice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a exercise | a piece |  |  |  | of school work or a set of questions for practice | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To exercise is to do physical activity, or to make an animal do it.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exercise:m4:1
# text = To exercise is to do physical activity, or to make an animal do it.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
2	exercise	exercise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	_
6	physical	physical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	activity	activity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | exercise |  |  |  |  | do *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | a animal |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** | infinitive | a animal *not said here* | animal |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An exercise book is a notebook for school work.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exercise:m5:1
# text = An exercise book is a notebook for school work.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	exercise	exercise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	notebook	notebook	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a exercise book | a notebook |  |  |  | for school work | tree rules |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To exercise a power or right is to use it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exercise:m6:1
# text = To exercise a power or right is to use it.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	exercise	exercise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	right	right	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exercise** | to-infinitive |  | a power or right |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent power=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | use *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Exercise is good for your heart.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exercise:x1:1
# text = Exercise is good for your heart.
1	Exercise	exercise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Exercise |  |  |  |  | for your heart; good *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We do stretching exercises before PE.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exercise:x2:1
# text = We do stretching exercises before PE.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	stretching	stretch	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	exercises	exercise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	before	before	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	PE	PE	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stretch** | present · do-support | We | exercises |  |  | before PE |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent exercise=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Finish exercise 3 on page 20.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exercise:x3:1
# text = Finish exercise 3 on page 20.
1	Finish	finish	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	exercise	exercise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	page	page	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **finish** | imperative | you *not said here* | exercise |  | page |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality exercise=Eventuality |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Write your answers in your exercise book.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exercise:x4:1
# text = Write your answers in your exercise book.
1	Write	write	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	answers	answer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	exercise	exercise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | imperative | you *not said here* | your answers |  | your exercise book |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent answer=Theme in book=Destination |
| 2 | **answer** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom answer «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You should exercise every day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exercise:x5:1
# text = You should exercise every day.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	exercise	exercise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exercise** | should | You |  |  |  | day |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandad exercises his dog in the park.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exercise:x6:1
# text = Grandad exercises his dog in the park.
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	exercises	exercise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exercise** | present | Grandad | Grandad's dog |  | the park |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Swimming is great exercise.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exercise:x7:1
# text = Swimming is great exercise.
1	Swimming	swimming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	exercise	exercise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Swimming | great exercise |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They exercise their power in different ways, and everywhere.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:exercise:x8:1
# text = They exercise their power in different ways, and everywhere.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	exercise	exercise	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	everywhere	everywhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exercise** | present | They | their power |  | different ways |  | everywhere *property* | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent power=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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