---
title: externally — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «externally» in the school dictionary: Externally means on the outside or from the outside. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# externally

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** house, He · **What happens:** mean, mark, use, not swallow, look, be · **To what, where:** outside, group, cream, mess, exam papers, mirror

<!-- .vabout -->
«externally» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [externally in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/externally.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Externally means on the outside or from the outside.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:externally:m1:1
# text = Externally means on the outside or from the outside.
1	Externally	externally	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	outside	outside	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	outside	outside	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  | the outside or the outside |  | externally *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Externally can mean from outside a group or organisation, such as externally marked exams.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:externally:m2:1
# text = Externally can mean from outside a group or organisation, such as externally marked exams.
1	Externally	externally	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	outside	outside	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	organisation	organisation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	15	case	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	fixed	_	_
13	externally	externally	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	marked	mark	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	amod	_	_
15	exams	exam	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can |  |  |  | a group or organisation and marked exams |  | externally *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mark** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | externally *property* | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This cream should be used externally only — do not swallow it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:externally:x1:1
# text = This cream should be used externally only — do not swallow it.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	cream	cream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	externally	externally	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
8	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
9	do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	swallow	swallow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | should · passive |  | this cream |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **swallow** | infinitive · do-support |  | cream |  |  |  |  | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Externally, the house looked fine, but inside it was a mess.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:externally:x2:1
# text = Externally, the house looked fine, but inside it was a mess.
1	Externally	externally	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
9	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	mess	mess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | past | the house |  |  |  |  | externally, fine *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is** | past | house |  |  | a mess |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The exam papers are marked externally.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:externally:x3:1
# text = The exam papers are marked externally.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	exam	exam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	papers	paper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	marked	mark	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	externally	externally	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mark** | present · passive |  | the exam papers |  |  |  | externally *property* | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: subject=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The mirror is externally damaged but still works.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:externally:x4:1
# text = The mirror is externally damaged but still works.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	mirror	mirror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	externally	externally	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	damaged	damage	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	still	still	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **damage** | present · passive |  | the mirror |  |  |  | externally *property* | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **work** | present |  |  |  |  | still |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He looked calm externally, but inside he was nervous.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:externally:x5:1
# text = He looked calm externally, but inside he was nervous.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	calm	calm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	externally	externally	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	nervous	nervous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | past | He |  |  |  |  | calm, externally *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is** | past | he |  |  |  |  | nervous *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The heater is mounted externally on the wall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:externally:x6:1
# text = The heater is mounted externally on the wall.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	heater	heater	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	mounted	mount	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	externally	externally	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mount** | present · passive |  | the heater |  | the wall |  | externally *property* | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme on wall=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He consulted many doctors far and near, and took all kinds of medicines both internally and externally.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:externally:x7:1
# text = He consulted many doctors far and near, and took all kinds of medicines both internally and externally.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	consulted	consult	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	doctors	doctor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	2	advmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	near	near	ADV	RB	_	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	12	det	_	_
12	kinds	kind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	medicines	medicine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	_
15	both	both	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc:preconj	_	_
16	internally	internally	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	externally	externally	ADV	RB	_	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **consult** | past | He | many doctors |  |  |  | far *property* | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent doctor=Theme |
| 2 | **take** | past | He *not said here* | all kinds of medicines |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kind=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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