---
title: extinguished — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «extinguished» in the school dictionary: Extinguished means put out, so a fire or light stops burning or shining. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/extinguished/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [E](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/) / extinguished

# extinguished

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Extinguished, fire, hope, Firefighters, She, you · **What happens:** mean, put out, stop, burn, shine, destroy · **To what, where:** fire, candle, campfire, hopes, streetlights, water · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«extinguished» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [extinguished in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/extinguished.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Extinguished means put out, so a fire or light stops burning or shining.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:extinguished:m1:1
# text = Extinguished means put out, so a fire or light stops burning or shining.
1	Extinguished	extinguished	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	xcomp	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	stops	stop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	xcomp	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	shining	shine	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Extinguished |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **put out** *not said to happen* | participle | Extinguished *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **stop** | present | a fire or light |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **burn** | gerund | a fire or light *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **shine** | gerund | a fire or light *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Extinguished means ended or destroyed completely: «All hope was extinguished.».

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:extinguished:m2:1
# text = Extinguished means ended or destroyed completely: «All hope was extinguished.».
1	Extinguished	extinguished	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	ended	ended	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	destroyed	destroy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
6	completely	completely	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	hope	hope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	extinguished	extinguished	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Extinguished |  |  |  |  | ended *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **destroy** | participle | Extinguished *not said here* |  |  |  |  | completely *property* | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | past | all hope |  |  |  |  | extinguished *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Firefighters extinguished the fire in an hour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:extinguished:x1:1
# text = Firefighters extinguished the fire in an hour.
1	Firefighters	firefighter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	extinguished	extinguish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **extinguish** | past | Firefighters | the fire |  |  | hour |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent fire=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She extinguished the candle with a snuffer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:extinguished:x2:1
# text = She extinguished the candle with a snuffer.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	extinguished	extinguish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	candle	candle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	snuffer	snuffer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **extinguish** | past | She | the candle |  |  |  | with a snuffer | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent candle=Patient with snuffer=Instrument |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The campfire must be fully extinguished before you leave.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:extinguished:x3:1
# text = The campfire must be fully extinguished before you leave.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	campfire	campfire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
5	fully	fully	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	extinguished	extinguish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	leave	leave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **extinguish** | must · passive |  | the campfire |  |  |  | fully *property* | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **leave** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Their hopes were extinguished when the bus left without them.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:extinguished:x4:1
# text = Their hopes were extinguished when the bus left without them.
1	Their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	hopes	hope	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	extinguished	extinguish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
9	without	without	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **extinguish** | past · passive |  | Their hopes |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **leave** | past | the bus |  |  |  |  | without hopes *= hope* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **hope** |  | Their *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | nom hope «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The streetlights were extinguished at dawn.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:extinguished:x5:1
# text = The streetlights were extinguished at dawn.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	streetlights	streetlight	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	extinguished	extinguish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	dawn	dawn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **extinguish** | past · passive |  | the streetlights |  |  | dawn |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never use water on an oil fire; a fire blanket extinguishes it safely.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:extinguished:x6:1
# text = Never use water on an oil fire; a fire blanket extinguishes it safely.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	blanket	blanket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	extinguishes	extinguish	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	safely	safely	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **use** | imperative | you *not said here* | water |  | a oil fire |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient |
| 2 | **extinguish** | present | a fire blanket | water |  |  |  | safely *property* | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then a sudden puff of wind arose, and the Lamp was immediately extinguished.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:extinguished:x7:1
# text = Then a sudden puff of wind arose, and the Lamp was immediately extinguished.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	puff	puff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	arose	arise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Lamp	Lamp	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
13	immediately	immediately	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	extinguished	extinguished	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arise** | past | a sudden puff of wind |  |  |  | then |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | the Lamp |  |  |  |  | extinguished, immediately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **puff** |  |  | wind |  |  |  |  | nom puff «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [extinguish](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/extinguish/)
- next →: [extinguisher](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/extinguisher/)
- ↑ back to [E in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/)