---
title: fairness — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «fairness» in the school dictionary: Fairness means treating people equally and justly, following the rules, and not cheating or favouring anyone. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# fairness

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Fairness, everyone, he, Taking, We, good referee · **What happens:** mean, treat, follow, not cheat, favour, have · **To what, where:** people, rules, anyone, pale skin, great beauty, everyone

<!-- .vabout -->
«fairness» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [fairness in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/fairness.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fairness means treating people equally and justly, following the rules, and not cheating or favouring anyone.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fairness:m1:1
# text = Fairness means treating people equally and justly, following the rules, and not cheating or favouring anyone.
1	Fairness	fairness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	treating	treat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	equally	equally	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	justly	justly	ADV	RB	_	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
15	cheating	cheat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	conj	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	favouring	favour	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	conj	_	_
18	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Fairness |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **treat** *not said to happen* | gerund | Fairness *not said here* |  | people |  |  | equally *property* | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent people=Recipient |
| 3 | **follow** | gerund | Fairness *not said here* | the rules |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **cheat** | gerund | Fairness *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **favour** | gerund | Fairness *not said here* | anyone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fairness can mean having a pale skin or light hair (old use).

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fairness:m2:1
# text = Fairness can mean having a pale skin or light hair (old use).
1	Fairness	fairness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	xcomp	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	pale	pale	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	light	light	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
11	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Fairness |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **have** *not said to happen* | gerund | Fairness *not said here* | a pale skin or light hair |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skin=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fairness can also mean great beauty (old use).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fairness:m3:1
# text = Fairness can also mean great beauty (old use).
1	Fairness	fairness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	beauty	beauty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Fairness | great beauty |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beauty=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher's fairness made everyone trust her.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fairness:x1:1
# text = The teacher's fairness made everyone trust her.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	fairness	fairness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	5	obj	_	_
7	trust	trust	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the teacher's fairness | everyone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **trust** | infinitive | everyone *not said here* | fairness |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In fairness, he did try his best.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fairness:x2:1
# text = In fairness, he did try his best.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	fairness	fairness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	try	try	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **try** | past · do-support | he | his best |  | fairness |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent good=Eventuality |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Taking turns is about fairness.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fairness:x3:1
# text = Taking turns is about fairness.
1	Taking	take	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	csubj	_	_
2	turns	turn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	about	about	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	fairness	fairness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | gerund |  | turns |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent turn=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | Taking |  |  |  |  | about fairness | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fairness means the same rules for everyone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fairness:x4:1
# text = Fairness means the same rules for everyone.
1	Fairness	fairness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Fairness | the same rules |  |  |  | for everyone | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot rule=Theme for everyone=Attribute |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We shared the 12 sweets with fairness: 4 each for 3 friends.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fairness:x5:1
# text = We shared the 12 sweets with fairness: 4 each for 3 friends.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	shared	share	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	sweets	sweet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	fairness	fairness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
9	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
10	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	advmod	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **share** | past | We | the 12 sweets |  |  |  | with fairness; for 3 friends; 4 *obl:unmarked* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A good referee shows fairness to both teams.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fairness:x6:1
# text = A good referee shows fairness to both teams.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	referee	referee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	fairness	fairness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	teams	team	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | a good referee | fairness | both teams |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent fairness=Topic to team=Recipient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Anyone who picked an apple gained admittance into the golden castle, and there in a silver room sat an enchanted Princess of surpassing fairness and beauty.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fairness:x7:1
# text = Anyone who picked an apple gained admittance into the golden castle, and there in a silver room sat an enchanted Princess of surpassing fairness and beauty.
1	Anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	nsubj	_	_
2	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	picked	pick	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	apple	apple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	gained	gain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
7	admittance	admittance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
14	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	19	expl	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	silver	silver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
19	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
20	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	enchanted	enchant	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	amod	_	_
22	Princess	princess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
23	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
24	surpassing	surpass	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	22	acl	_	_
25	fairness	fairness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	beauty	beauty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pick** | past | Anyone |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **gain** | past | a apple | admittance |  | the golden castle |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent admittance=Theme |
| 3 | **sit** | past | Anyone *not said here* | a enchanted Princess |  | there |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location princess=Theme |
| 4 | **enchant** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **surpass** | gerund | a enchanted Princess *not said here* | fairness and beauty |  |  |  |  | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot fairness=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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