---
title: faithfulness — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «faithfulness» in the school dictionary: Being loyal and true to someone, keeping your promises. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# faithfulness

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** your, faithfulness, God, Christians, Ruth, Great · **What happens:** be, keep, promise, mean, not leave, try · **To what, where:** promises, people, faithfulness, God, everyone, Naomi · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«faithfulness» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [faithfulness in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/faithfulness.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being loyal and true to someone, keeping your promises.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:faithfulness:m1:1
# text = Being loyal and true to someone, keeping your promises.
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	cop	_	_
2	loyal	loyal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	keeping	keep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	promises	promise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | to someone; loyal *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **keep** | gerund |  | your promises |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent promise=Theme |
| 4 | **promise** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom promise «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: church, Bible — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
God's faithfulness means God keeps his promises and never leaves his people; Christians try to show faithfulness to God.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:faithfulness:m2:1
# text = God's faithfulness means God keeps his promises and never leaves his people; Christians try to show faithfulness to God.
1	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	faithfulness	faithfulness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	promises	promise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	leaves	leave	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
15	Christians	Christian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
16	try	try	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
19	faithfulness	faithfulness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | God's faithfulness |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **keep** | present | God | God's promises |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent promise=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **leave** | present | God *not said here* | God's people |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme |
| 4 | **try** | present | Christians |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 5 | **show** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Christians *not said here* | faithfulness | God |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent faithfulness=Topic to god=Recipient |
| 6 | **promise** |  | God |  |  |  |  |  | nom promise «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Staying true to a partner in marriage.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:faithfulness:m3:1
# text = Staying true to a partner in marriage.
1	Staying	stay	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	partner	partner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	marriage	marriage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | to a partner in marriage; true *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being exact and accurate: «faithfulness to the original book».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:faithfulness:m4:1
# text = Being exact and accurate: «faithfulness to the original book».
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	cop	_	_
2	exact	exact	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	csubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	accurate	accurate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	faithfulness	faithfulness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	original	original	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | exact *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dog's faithfulness touched everyone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:faithfulness:x1:1
# text = The dog's faithfulness touched everyone.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	faithfulness	faithfulness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	touched	touch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **touch** | past | the dog's faithfulness | everyone |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme everyone=Co-Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ruth showed faithfulness to Naomi.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:faithfulness:x2:1
# text = Ruth showed faithfulness to Naomi.
1	Ruth	Ruth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	faithfulness	faithfulness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Naomi	Naomi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | Ruth | faithfulness | Naomi |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent faithfulness=Topic to naomi=Recipient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hymn «Great Is Thy Faithfulness» praises God.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:faithfulness:x3:1
# text = The hymn «Great Is Thy Faithfulness» praises God.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hymn	hymn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	Great	Great	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	Is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	Faithfulness	faithfulness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
9	praises	praise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | Great | Thy Faithfulness |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **praise** | present | the hymn | God |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent god=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Faithfulness means keeping your promises.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:faithfulness:x4:1
# text = Faithfulness means keeping your promises.
1	Faithfulness	faithfulness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	keeping	keep	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	promises	promise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Faithfulness |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **keep** *not said to happen* | gerund | Faithfulness *not said here* | your promises |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent promise=Theme |
| 3 | **promise** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom promise «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The film was praised for its faithfulness to the book.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:faithfulness:x5:1
# text = The film was praised for its faithfulness to the book.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	praised	praise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	faithfulness	faithfulness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **praise** | past · passive |  | the film |  |  |  | for film's faithfulness; to the book | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme for faithfulness=Attribute |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Married people promise faithfulness to each other.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:faithfulness:x6:1
# text = Married people promise faithfulness to each other.
1	Married	married	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	promise	promise	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	faithfulness	faithfulness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	3	obl	_	_
7	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **promise** *speech: promise* | present | Married people | faithfulness |  |  |  | to each *goal* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent faithfulness=Theme to each=Goal |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pinocchio discovers the thieves and, as a reward for faithfulness, he regains his liberty.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:faithfulness:x7:1
# text = Pinocchio discovers the thieves and, as a reward for faithfulness, he regains his liberty.
1	Pinocchio	Pinocchio	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	discovers	discover	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	thieves	thief	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	reward	reward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	faithfulness	faithfulness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	regains	regain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	liberty	liberty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **discover** | present | Pinocchio | the thieves |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thief=Topic |
| 2 | **regain** | present | a reward for faithfulness | reward's liberty |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent liberty=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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