---
title: farrier — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «farrier» in the school dictionary: A farrier is a person whose job is to look after horses' hooves and fit horseshoes on them. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# farrier

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** farrier, job, we, Nailing, uncle, horse · **What happens:** be, treat, come, fit, trim, cut · **To what, where:** person, sick horses, past, new shoes, hooves, nails

<!-- .vabout -->
«farrier» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [farrier in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/farrier.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A farrier is a person whose job is to look after horses' hooves and fit horseshoes on them.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:farrier:m1:1
# text = A farrier is a person whose job is to look after horses' hooves and fit horseshoes on them.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	farrier	farrier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl:relcl	_	_
11	after	after	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	'	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
14	hooves	hoove	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	fit	fit	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	horseshoes	horseshoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	_
18	on	on	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a farrier | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | job |  |  |  | after horses's hooves and fit horseshoes on horseshoes | look *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the past a farrier could also treat sick horses, a little like an animal doctor.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:farrier:m2:1
# text = In the past a farrier could also treat sick horses, a little like an animal doctor.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	past	past	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	farrier	farrier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
6	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	also	also	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	treat	treat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	sick	sick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
14	like	like	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **treat** | could | a farrier |  | sick horses | the past |  |  | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent horse=Recipient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The farrier came to fit new shoes on my pony.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:farrier:x1:1
# text = The farrier came to fit new shoes on my pony.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	farrier	farrier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	fit	fit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
6	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	pony	pony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the farrier |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **fit** | to-infinitive | the farrier *not said here* | new shoes |  |  |  | on my pony | vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent shoe=Theme on pony=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A farrier trims horses' hooves like we cut our nails.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:farrier:x2:1
# text = A farrier trims horses' hooves like we cut our nails.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	farrier	farrier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	trims	trim	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	'	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	hooves	hoove	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	like	like	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	cut	cut	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
10	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	nails	nail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trim** | present | a farrier | horses's hooves |  |  |  |  | vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hoove=Patient |
| 2 | **cut** | present | we | our nails |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nail=Product |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The farrier heated the horseshoe in the forge.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:farrier:x3:1
# text = The farrier heated the horseshoe in the forge.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	farrier	farrier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	heated	heat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	horseshoe	horseshoe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	forge	forge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heat** | past | the farrier | the horseshoe |  |  |  | in the forge | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent horseshoe=Patient in forge=Instrument |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nailing on a shoe doesn't hurt the horse.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:farrier:x4:1
# text = Nailing on a shoe doesn't hurt the horse.
1	Nailing	nail	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	csubj	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	shoe	shoe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	hurt	hurt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **nail** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | on a shoe | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle PP»: agent=Patient on shoe=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **not** **hurt** | present · do-support | Nailing | the horse |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer horse=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My uncle trained for years to become a farrier.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:farrier:x5:1
# text = My uncle trained for years to become a farrier.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	uncle	uncle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	trained	train	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	become	become	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	farrier	farrier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **train** | participle | My uncle |  |  |  | year |  | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **become** | to-infinitive | My uncle *not said here* | a farrier |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The farrier shod 4 horses, each with 4 shoes, so he used 16 shoes.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:farrier:x6:1
# text = The farrier shod 4 horses, each with 4 shoes, so he used 16 shoes.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	farrier	farrier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shod	shoe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	appos	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	so	so	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
15	16	16	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shoe** | past | the farrier |  | 4 horses |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent horse=Destination |
| 2 | **use** | past | farrier | 16 shoes |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shoe=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The knight's horse needed the farrier after the long ride.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:farrier:x7:1
# text = The knight's horse needed the farrier after the long ride.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	needed	need	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	farrier	farrier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	after	after	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	ride	ride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | past | the knight's horse | the farrier |  |  | after the long ride |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot farrier=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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