---
title: fast — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «fast» in the school dictionary: Fast means moving or doing something quickly. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# fast

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Fast, watch, clock, car, Tom, fast train · **What happens:** mean, move, do, be, show, stick · **To what, where:** something, fast time, 120 km, fastest land animal, 5 minutes · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«fast» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [fast in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/fast.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fast means moving or doing something quickly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fast:m1:1
# text = Fast means moving or doing something quickly.
1	Fast	fast	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	moving	move	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	doing	do	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	conj	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	_
7	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Fast |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **move** *not said to happen* | gerund | Fast *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **do** | gerund | Fast *not said here* | something |  |  |  | quickly *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A clock or watch that is fast shows a time later than the real time.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fast:m2:1
# text = A clock or watch that is fast shows a time later than the real time.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	clock	clock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	watch	watch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	acl:relcl	_	_
8	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	8	advmod	_	_
12	than	than	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | watch |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **show** | present | a clock or watch |  |  |  | time | late *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fast also means firmly, tightly: «stuck fast», «fast asleep» (very deeply asleep).

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fast:m3:1
# text = Fast also means firmly, tightly: «stuck fast», «fast asleep» (very deeply asleep).
1	Fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
2	also	also	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	firmly	firmly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	tightly	tightly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	stuck	stick	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	_
10	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	15	advmod	_	_
15	asleep	asleep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	_
17	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	very	very	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	deeply	deeply	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	asleep	asleep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | fast, firmly, tightly *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **stick** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To fast is to not eat for a time, often for religious reasons; a fast is that time.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fast:m4:1
# text = To fast is to not eat for a time, often for religious reasons; a fast is that time.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	fast	fast	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	eat	eat	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	often	often	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	religious	religious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	reasons	reason	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	fast	fast	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
19	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	20	det	_	_
20	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fast** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **is** | present |  |  |  |  | time | for religious reasons; eat *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present |  | that fast time |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How fast does the car go?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fast:x1:1
# text = How fast does the car go?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
3	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present · do-support | the car |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tom runs faster than Ben.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fast:x2:1
# text = Tom runs faster than Ben.
1	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	runs	run	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	faster	fast	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	2	advmod	_	_
4	than	than	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Ben	Ben	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | present | Tom |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fast train goes 120 km an hour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fast:x3:1
# text = The fast train goes 120 km an hour.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	fast	fast	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	120	120	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	km	km	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present | the fast train | 120 km |  |  | hour |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Who is the fastest?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fast:x4:1
# text = Who is the fastest?
1	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	fastest	fast	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cheetah is the fastest land animal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fast:x5:1
# text = The cheetah is the fastest land animal.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cheetah	cheetah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	fastest	fast	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	amod	_	_
6	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the cheetah | the fastest land animal |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My watch is 5 minutes fast.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fast:x6:1
# text = My watch is 5 minutes fast.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	watch	watch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | My watch | 5 minutes |  |  |  | fast *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The baby is fast asleep.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fast:x7:1
# text = The baby is fast asleep.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
5	asleep	asleep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the baby |  |  |  |  | asleep, fast *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some people fast during Ramadan.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fast:x8:1
# text = Some people fast during Ramadan.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	2	advmod	_	_
4	during	during	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Ramadan	Ramadan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His chest heaved hard and fast.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fast:x9:1
# text = His chest heaved hard and fast.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	chest	chest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	heaved	heave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heave** | past | His chest |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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