---
title: fattening — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «fattening» in the school dictionary: Likely to make you put on weight, usually because it has lots of fat or sugar. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# fattening

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Likely, you, weight, Cakes, Fizzy drinks, farmer · **What happens:** make, put, have, sell, be, fatten · **To what, where:** you, weight, lots, animal, lambs, fresh grass · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«fattening» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [fattening in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/fattening.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Likely to make you put on weight, usually because it has lots of fat or sugar.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fattening:m1:1
# text = Likely to make you put on weight, usually because it has lots of fat or sugar.
1	Likely	likely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	nsubj	_	_
2	to	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
3	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	weight	weight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
10	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	lots	lot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	fat	fat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive | Likely | you |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **put** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  | weight |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on weight=Destination |
| 3 | **have** | present | weight | lots of fat or sugar |  |  |  | usually *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Making an animal or person fatter, especially farm animals before they are sold.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fattening:m2:1
# text = Making an animal or person fatter, especially farm animals before they are sold.
1	Making	make	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	csubj	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	fatter	fat	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
9	farm	farm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
11	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	sold	sell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | gerund |  | a animal or person |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset animal=Product |
| 2 | **sell** | present · passive |  | animal |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cakes are tasty but fattening.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fattening:x1:1
# text = Cakes are tasty but fattening.
1	Cakes	cake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	tasty	tasty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	fattening	fatten	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Cakes |  |  |  |  | tasty *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **fatten** | gerund | Cakes *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fizzy drinks are fattening because of the sugar.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fattening:x2:1
# text = Fizzy drinks are fattening because of the sugar.
1	Fizzy	fizzy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	drinks	drink	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	fattening	fatten	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	8	case	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	fixed	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fatten** | present · progressive | Fizzy drinks |  |  |  |  | because the sugar | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The farmer is fattening the lambs on fresh grass.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fattening:x3:1
# text = The farmer is fattening the lambs on fresh grass.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	fattening	fatten	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	lambs	lamb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fatten** | present · progressive | the farmer | the lambs |  | fresh grass |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent lamb=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The witch was fattening Hansel up in a cage.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fattening:x4:1
# text = The witch was fattening Hansel up in a cage.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	witch	witch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	fattening	fatten	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	Hansel	hansel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
6	up	up	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cage	cage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fatten** | past · progressive | the witch |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hansel up** | infinitive | the witch *not said here* |  |  | a cage |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nan says I need fattening up after being ill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fattening:x5:1
# text = Nan says I need fattening up after being ill.
1	Nan	Nan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
5	fattening	fatten	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	up	up	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	cop	_	_
9	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Nan |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **need** | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 3 | **fatten up** *not said to happen* | gerund | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **is** | gerund | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  | ill *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fried snacks are more fattening than fruit.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fattening:x6:1
# text = Fried snacks are more fattening than fruit.
1	Fried	fry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	amod	_	_
2	snacks	snack	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	amod	_	_
5	fattening	fatten	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fry** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **fatten** | present · progressive | Fried snacks |  |  |  |  | than fruit | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He killed the other two geese for dinner, but built a little shed for Mimi in one of his rooms, under the pretence of fattening her under his own eye.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fattening:x7:1
# text = He killed the other two geese for dinner, but built a little shed for Mimi in one of his rooms, under the pretence of fattening her under his own eye.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	killed	kill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	geese	goose	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	dinner	dinner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	built	build	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	shed	shed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Mimi	Mimi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	obl	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	rooms	room	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	under	under	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	pretence	pretence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
26	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
27	fattening	fatten	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	25	acl	_	_
28	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	obj	_	_
29	under	under	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
30	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
31	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kill** | past | He | the other two geese |  |  |  | for dinner | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goose=Theme |
| 2 | **build** | past | He *not said here* | a little shed |  | the pretence |  | for Mimi; in one of Mimi's rooms | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent shed=Material for mimi=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **fatten** | gerund | the pretence *not said here* | her *= she* |  | Mimi's own eye |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent her=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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