---
title: fill — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «fill» in the school dictionary: To fill is to put in as much as something can hold. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# fill

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** something, room, gap, many boxes, Anna, 20 pencils · **What happens:** fill, be, hold, fill up, mean, make · **To what, where:** form, 3 jars, 4 boxes, bucket, missing numbers, stadium

<!-- .vabout -->
«fill» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [fill in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/fill.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To fill is to put in as much as something can hold.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fill:m1:1
# text = To fill is to put in as much as something can hold.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	fill	fill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	as	as	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	obj	_	_
9	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	12	nsubj	_	_
11	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | put *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **hold** | can | something |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To fill is to become full: «The room filled with people».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fill:m2:1
# text = To fill is to become full: «The room filled with people».
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	fill	fill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	become	become	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	advcl	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | become, full *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **fill** *in a quote* | participle | the room |  |  |  |  | with people | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with people=Instrument |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To fill in a form or a gap is to write what is missing.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fill:m3:1
# text = To fill in a form or a gap is to write what is missing.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	fill	fill	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	gap	gap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	write	write	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
12	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	14	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	missing	missing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | a form |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | a gap |  |  |  |  | write *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | missing *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To fill up means to make completely full.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fill:m4:1
# text = To fill up means to make completely full.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	fill	fill	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	nsubj	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	completely	completely	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill up** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **make** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | full *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many boxes can Ben fill?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fill:x1:1
# text = How many boxes can Ben fill?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	boxes	box	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	Ben	Ben	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	fill	fill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill** | can | many boxes |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Anna fills 3 jars with 8 sweets each.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fill:x2:1
# text = Anna fills 3 jars with 8 sweets each.
1	Anna	Anna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	fills	fill	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	jars	jar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	8	8	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	sweets	sweet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
8	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill** | present | Anna | 3 jars |  |  |  | with 8 sweets  each | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent jar=Patient with sweet=Instrument |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
20 pencils fill 4 boxes equally.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fill:x3:1
# text = 20 pencils fill 4 boxes equally.
1	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	pencils	pencil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fill	fill	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	boxes	box	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	equally	equally	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill** | present | 20 pencils | 4 boxes |  |  |  | equally *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent box=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fill the bucket with sand.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fill:x4:1
# text = Fill the bucket with sand.
1	Fill	fill	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	bucket	bucket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill** | imperative | you *not said here* | the bucket |  |  |  | with sand | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent bucket=Patient with sand=Instrument |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fill in the missing numbers: 2, 4, \_, 8.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fill:x5:1
# text = Fill in the missing numbers: 2, 4, _, 8.
1	Fill	fill	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	missing	missing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
11	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	8	8	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | the missing numbers |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The stadium filled with fans.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fill:x6:1
# text = The stadium filled with fans.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	stadium	stadium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	fans	fan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill** | participle |  | the stadium *not said here* |  |  |  | with fans | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with fan=Instrument |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fill in your name and age on the form.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fill:x7:1
# text = Fill in your name and age on the form.
1	Fill	fill	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill in** | imperative | you *not said here* | your name and age |  | the form |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent name=Patient |
| 2 | **name** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bath takes 10 minutes to fill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fill:x8:1
# text = The bath takes 10 minutes to fill.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bath	bath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	fill	fill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | the bath |  |  |  | minute |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **fill** | to-infinitive | the bath *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then he filled the cup again.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fill:x9:1
# text = Then he filled the cup again.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	filled	fill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cup	cup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	again	again	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill** | past | he | the cup |  |  | then; again |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent cup=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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