---
title: finish — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «finish» in the school dictionary: To finish means to come to the end of something, to complete it. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# finish

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** finish, finish line, She, He, They, you · **What happens:** finish, mean, come, complete, be, finish up · **To what, where:** end, something, last, look, book, it · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«finish» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [finish in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/finish.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To finish means to come to the end of something, to complete it.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:finish:m1:1
# text = To finish means to come to the end of something, to complete it.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	finish	finish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	complete	complete	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **finish** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **come** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  | to the end of something |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to end=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **complete** | to-infinitive |  | end |  |  |  |  | vn complete-55.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The finish is the end of a race, where the finish line is.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:finish:m2:1
# text = The finish is the end of a race, where the finish line is.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	finish	finish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	14	advmod	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	finish	finish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the finish | the end |  |  |  | of a race | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** | present | the finish line |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To finish something up or off is to use or eat the last of it.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:finish:m3:1
# text = To finish something up or off is to use or eat the last of it.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	finish	finish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	off	off	ADV	RB	_	2	conj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	eat	eat	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	last	last	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **finish up** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality something=Eventuality |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | use *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **eat** | infinitive |  | the last of last |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent last=Patient |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A finish is the look of a surface, like a shiny finish.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:finish:m4:1
# text = A finish is the look of a surface, like a shiny finish.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	finish	finish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	look	look	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	shiny	shiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	finish	finish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a finish | the look and a shiny finish |  |  |  | of a surface | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She finishes the book in 5 days.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:finish:x1:1
# text = She finishes the book in 5 days.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	finishes	finish	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **finish** | present | She | the book |  |  | day |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector book=Eventuality |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How long will it take to finish the puzzle?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:finish:x2:1
# text = How long will it take to finish the puzzle?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	expl	_	_
5	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	finish	finish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	puzzle	puzzle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | future |  | it |  |  |  | long *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **finish** | to-infinitive |  | the puzzle |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality puzzle=Eventuality |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He finished the race in 20 minutes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:finish:x3:1
# text = He finished the race in 20 minutes.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	finished	finish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **finish** | past | He | the race |  |  | minute |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector race=Eventuality |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They need to finish 30 pages.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:finish:x4:1
# text = They need to finish 30 pages.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	finish	finish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	30	30	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	pages	page	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | They |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **finish** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | They *not said here* | 30 pages |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality page=Eventuality |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Finish your homework before you play.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:finish:x5:1
# text = Finish your homework before you play.
1	Finish	finish	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	homework	homework	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	play	play	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **finish** | imperative | you *not said here* | your homework |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality homework=Eventuality |
| 2 | **play** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She was first to cross the finish line.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:finish:x6:1
# text = She was first to cross the finish line.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	5	advmod	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	cross	cross	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	finish	finish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | She |  |  |  |  | cross, first *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Who finished the milk?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:finish:x7:1
# text = Who finished the milk?
1	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	2	nsubj	_	_
2	finished	finish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **finish** | past |  | the milk |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector milk=Eventuality |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The table has a shiny finish.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:finish:x8:1
# text = The table has a shiny finish.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	shiny	shiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	finish	finish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the table | a shiny finish |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent finish=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Just let me finish carving this cross.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:finish:x9:1
# text = Just let me finish carving this cross.
1	Just	just	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	finish	finish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	carving	carve	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	cross	cross	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* | me |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **finish** | infinitive | me *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **carve** | gerund | me *not said here* | this cross |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cross=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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