---
title: finite — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «finite» in the school dictionary: Finite means having an end or a limit; not going on forever. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/F/finite/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [F](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/F/) / finite

# finite

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Finite, finite verb, verb, she, Earth, time · **What happens:** mean, have, not go on, be, show, agree · **To what, where:** end, verb, tense, finite supplies, 's, finite verb · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«finite» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 5 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [finite in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/finite.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Finite means having an end or a limit; not going on forever.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:finite:m1:1
# text = Finite means having an end or a limit; not going on forever.
1	Finite	finite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	limit	limit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
12	on	on	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	forever	forever	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Finite |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **have** *not said to happen* | gerund | Finite *not said here* | a end or a limit |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent end=Patient |
| 3 | **not** **go on** | gerund | Finite *not said here* |  |  |  |  | forever *property* | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: grammar — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A finite verb is a verb that shows tense and agrees with its subject, as in «she runs».

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:finite:m2:1
# text = A finite verb is a verb that shows tense and agrees with its subject, as in «she runs».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	finite	finite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	tense	tense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	agrees	agree	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	subject	subject	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
16	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	fixed	_	_
18	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	runs	run	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a finite verb | a verb |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **show** | present | a verb | tense |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Agent tense=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 3 | **agree** *speech: agree* | present | a verb *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with verb's subject | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V PP.co-agent how S»: agent=Agent with subject=Co-Agent |
| 4 | **run** *in a quote* | present | she |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Earth has finite supplies of oil.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:finite:x1:1
# text = The Earth has finite supplies of oil.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	finite	finite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	supplies	supplies	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the Earth | finite supplies of oil |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent supplies=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our time on the trip is finite, so let's hurry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:finite:x2:1
# text = Our time on the trip is finite, so let's hurry.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	trip	trip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	finite	finite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	hurry	hurry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Our time on the trip |  |  |  |  | finite *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **let** | infinitive |  | 's |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **hurry** | infinitive | 's *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A finite set has an end, like the days of the week.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:finite:x3:1
# text = A finite set has an end, like the days of the week.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	finite	finite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	set	set	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	like	like	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	parataxis	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a finite set | a end |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent end=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The counting numbers are infinite, not finite.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:finite:x4:1
# text = The counting numbers are infinite, not finite.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	counting	counting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	infinite	infinite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	finite	finite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the counting numbers |  |  |  |  | infinite *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **be** |  | the counting numbers *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In «She sings», «sings» is a finite verb.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:finite:x5:1
# text = In «She sings», «sings» is a finite verb.
1	In	in	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	sings	sing	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	sings	sing	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	finite	finite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* *in a quote* | present | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location |
| 2 | **sing** *speech: express* *in a quote* | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is a** | present |  | a finite verb |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [finished](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/F/finished/)
- next →: [fink](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/F/fink/)
- ↑ back to [F in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/F/)