---
title: firewood — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «firewood» in the school dictionary: Wood cut into pieces to burn in a fire, a stove or a fireplace. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# firewood

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Dad, We, Wet firewood, Grandma, pioneers · **What happens:** cut, burn, chop, gather, stack, keep · **To what, where:** Wood, fire, firewood, dry sticks, porch, lot

<!-- .vabout -->
«firewood» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [firewood in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/firewood.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wood cut into pieces to burn in a fire, a stove or a fireplace.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:firewood:m1:1
# text = Wood cut into pieces to burn in a fire, a stove or a fireplace.
1	Wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	into	into	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	pieces	piece	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	burn	burn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	stove	stove	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	fireplace	fireplace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut** | participle |  | Wood *not said here* |  |  |  | into pieces | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent into piece=Patient |
| 2 | **burn** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | a fire and a stove or a fireplace |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in fire=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad chopped firewood for the stove.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:firewood:x1:1
# text = Dad chopped firewood for the stove.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	chopped	chop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	firewood	firewood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	stove	stove	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chop** | past | Dad | firewood |  |  |  | for the stove | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent firewood=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We gathered dry sticks as firewood for the campfire.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:firewood:x2:1
# text = We gathered dry sticks as firewood for the campfire.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gathered	gather	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	sticks	stick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	firewood	firewood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	campfire	campfire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gather** | past | We | dry sticks |  |  |  | as firewood; for the campfire | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent stick=Theme for campfire=Beneficiary |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The firewood is stacked under the porch to keep it dry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:firewood:x3:1
# text = The firewood is stacked under the porch to keep it dry.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	firewood	firewood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	stacked	stack	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	under	under	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	porch	porch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stack** | present · passive |  | the firewood |  | the porch |  |  | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme under porch=Destination |
| 2 | **keep** | to-infinitive |  | firewood |  |  |  | dry *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wet firewood makes a lot of smoke.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:firewood:x4:1
# text = Wet firewood makes a lot of smoke.
1	Wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	firewood	firewood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Wet firewood | a lot of smoke |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset lot=Product |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandma bought a bundle of firewood at the shop.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:firewood:x5:1
# text = Grandma bought a bundle of firewood at the shop.
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bundle	bundle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	firewood	firewood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | past | Grandma | a bundle of firewood |  | the shop |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent bundle=Theme at shop=Asset |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At the camp, only use fallen wood as firewood; do not cut living trees.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:firewood:x6:1
# text = At the camp, only use fallen wood as firewood; do not cut living trees.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	firewood	firewood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
14	cut	cut	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
15	living	live	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	16	amod	_	_
16	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present |  | fallen wood |  | the camp |  | as firewood | vn spend\_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent wood=Duration as firewood=Attribute |
| 2 | **fall** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **cut** | infinitive · do-support |  | living trees |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset tree=Product |
| 4 | **live** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pioneers in our history book spent hours collecting firewood.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:firewood:x7:1
# text = The pioneers in our history book spent hours collecting firewood.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pioneers	pioneer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	spent	spend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	collecting	collect	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
10	firewood	firewood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | past | the pioneers in our history book |  |  |  | hour |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **collect** | gerund | the pioneers in our history book *not said here* | firewood |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent firewood=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Well, the firewood was cut up and piled on the sledge.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:firewood:x8:1
# text = Well, the firewood was cut up and piled on the sledge.
1	Well	well	INTJ	UH	_	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	firewood	firewood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	piled	pile	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	sledge	sledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut up** | past · passive |  | the firewood |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **pile** | participle |  |  |  | the sledge |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme on sledge=Destination |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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