---
title: first — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «first» in the school dictionary: First means before anything or anyone else: first in line. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# first

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** first, Bagsy, you, slow, exam voice, I · **What happens:** mean, be, not do, claim up, come, serve · **To what, where:** number, start, winner, something, first turn, nothing · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«first» in the school dictionary: its 8 meanings for a pupil and its 13 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [first in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/first.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
First means before anything or anyone else: first in line.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:first:m1:1
# text = First means before anything or anyone else: first in line.
1	First	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	before	before	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obl	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	conj	_	_
7	else	else	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
9	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	11	advmod	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  | before anything | first *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
First means number one in order (1st): the first day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:first:m2:1
# text = First means number one in order (1st): the first day.
1	First	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	1st	1st	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	13	amod	_	_
13	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  | number |  |  |  | in order; first *property* | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot number=Theme in order=Attribute |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
First can mean at the start, at the beginning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:first:m3:1
# text = First can mean at the start, at the beginning.
1	First	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	advmod	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	start	start	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	beginning	beginning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can |  |  |  | the start and the beginning |  | first *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At first I was scared.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:first:m3e:1
# text = At first I was scared.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	5	obl	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	scared	scared	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | I |  |  |  |  | scared *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«First» in a race means the winner.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:first:m4:1
# text = «First» in a race means the winner.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	First	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	winner	winner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  | the winner |  |  |  | in a race | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot winner=Theme in race=Attribute |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A first is something never done before: a first for our school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:first:m5:1
# text = A first is something never done before: a first for our school.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
5	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
7	before	before	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	amod	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a first | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **do** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | before *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: casual — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Bagsy first!», «dibs on first», «me first!» claim the first turn; «first up» (Australia, NZ) means first of all.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:first:m6:1
# text = «Bagsy first!», «dibs on first», «me first!» claim the first turn; «first up» (Australia, NZ) means first of all.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Bagsy	Bagsy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
3	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	dibs	dib	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	conj	_	_
15	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
18	claim	claim	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	21	amod	_	_
21	turn	turn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	25	advmod	_	_
25	up	up	ADP	RP	_	18	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	_
27	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
30	NZ	NZ	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	28	punct	_	_
32	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	parataxis	_	_
33	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	32	advmod	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **claim up** *speech: other* | present | Bagsy and dibs | the first turn |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent turn=Topic |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | first *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 7 {#m7}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: rough — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«First come, first served» and «you snooze, you lose» mean the slow get nothing.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:first:m7:1
# text = «First come, first served» and «you snooze, you lose» mean the slow get nothing.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	First	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	advmod	_	_
3	come	come	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	6	advmod	_	_
6	served	serve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	snooze	snooze	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
13	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	lose	lose	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
16	mean	mean	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	slow	slow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	nsubj	_	_
19	get	get	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	ccomp	_	_
20	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | first *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **serve** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  | first *property* | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **snooze** *in a quote* | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn snooze-40.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **lose** *in a quote* | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **get** | present | the slow | nothing |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer nothing=Stimulus |

## Meaning 8 {#m8}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The exam voice says «initially», «in the first instance», «at the outset», «primarily», «prior to all else».

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:first:m8:1
# text = The exam voice says «initially», «in the first instance», «at the outset», «primarily», «prior to all else».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	exam	exam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	initially	initially	ADV	RB	_	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	13	amod	_	_
13	instance	instance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	at	at	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	outset	outset	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	primarily	primarily	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	prior	prior	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	19	parataxis	_	_
28	to	to	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	27	obl	_	_
30	else	else	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the exam voice |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
First decide: are things coming together, or going away?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:first:x1:1
# text = First decide: are things coming together, or going away?
1	First	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	2	advmod	_	_
2	decide	decide	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	coming	come	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
7	together	together	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	going	go	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	conj	_	_
11	away	away	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decide** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | first *property* | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | things |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **come together** | gerund | things *not said here* |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **go away** | gerund | things *not said here* |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Read the whole problem first, then choose.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:first:x2:1
# text = Read the whole problem first, then choose.
1	Read	read	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	problem	problem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	8	advmod	_	_
8	choose	choose	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | imperative | you *not said here* | the whole problem |  |  |  | first *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent problem=Topic |
| 2 | **choose** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  | then |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
First Mia had 6 stickers, then she got 4 more.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:first:x3:1
# text = First Mia had 6 stickers, then she got 4 more.
1	First	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	advmod	_	_
2	Mia	Mia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	stickers	sticker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	9	advmod	_	_
8	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Mia | 6 stickers |  |  |  | first *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sticker=Patient |
| 2 | **get** | past | Mia | 4 more |  |  | then |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer more=Stimulus |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sara came first in the race.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:first:x4:1
# text = Sara came first in the race.
1	Sara	Sara	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	2	advmod	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Sara |  |  | the race |  | first *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in race=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My first tooth fell out today.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:first:x5:1
# text = My first tooth fell out today.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	amod	_	_
3	tooth	tooth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall out** | past | My first tooth |  |  |  | today |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At first the puzzle seemed hard.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:first:x6:1
# text = At first the puzzle seemed hard.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	5	obl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	puzzle	puzzle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	seemed	seem	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **seem** | past | the puzzle |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
January is the first month of the year.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:first:x7:1
# text = January is the first month of the year.
1	January	January	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	5	amod	_	_
5	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | January | the first month |  |  | year |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wash your hands first, then eat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:first:x8:1
# text = Wash your hands first, then eat.
1	Wash	wash	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
7	eat	eat	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wash** | imperative | you *not said here* | your hands |  |  |  | first *property* | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient |
| 2 | **eat** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  | then |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We learned first aid at school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:first:x9:1
# text = We learned first aid at school.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	learned	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	amod	_	_
4	aid	aid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | past | We | first aid |  | school |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent aid=Topic |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
me first! i called it!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:first:x10:1
# text = me first! i called it!
1	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
4	i	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | past | me | it |  |  |  | first *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
First up, who's had brekkie?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:first:x11:1
# text = First up, who's had brekkie?
1	First	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	6	advmod	_	_
2	up	up	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
4	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	had	have	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	brekkie	brekkie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present · passive |  | brekkie |  |  |  | first *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brekkie=Patient |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Initially, Mia possessed 6 stickers; she subsequently acquired 4 additional stickers. Determine the final quantity.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Initially, Mia possessed 6 stickers; she subsequently acquired 4 additional stickers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:first:x12:1
# text = Initially, Mia possessed 6 stickers; she subsequently acquired 4 additional stickers.
1	Initially	initially	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	Mia	Mia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	possessed	possess	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	stickers	sticker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	acquired	acquire	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
11	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
12	additional	additional	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	stickers	sticker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **possess** | past | Mia | 6 stickers |  |  |  | initially *property* | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot sticker=Theme |
| 2 | **acquire** | past | Mia | 4 additional stickers |  |  |  | subsequently *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sticker=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Determine the final quantity.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:first:x12:2
# text = Determine the final quantity.
1	Determine	determine	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	final	final	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	quantity	quantity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **determine** | imperative | you *not said here* | the final quantity |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent quantity=Topic |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At first I refused to go.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:first:x13:1
# text = At first I refused to go.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	obl	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	refused	refuse	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refuse** | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **go** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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