---
title: flogging — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «flogging» in the school dictionary: A beating with a whip or stick as a punishment. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# flogging

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** heavy defeat, team, He, book, That, we · **What happens:** sell, flog, get, be, ban, describe · **To what, where:** something, old toys, flogging, common punishment, old ships, cakes

<!-- .vabout -->
«flogging» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [flogging in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/flogging.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A beating with a whip or stick as a punishment.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:flogging:m1:1
# text = A beating with a whip or stick as a punishment.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	beating	beating	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	whip	whip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	stick	stick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	punishment	punishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Selling something: «flogging old toys».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:flogging:m2:1
# text = Selling something: «flogging old toys».
1	Selling	sell	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	flogging	flog	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	toys	toy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sell** | gerund |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |
| 2 | **flog** *in a quote* | gerund |  | old toys |  |  |  |  | vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toy=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A heavy defeat in sport: «They got a flogging».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:flogging:m3:1
# text = A heavy defeat in sport: «They got a flogging».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	defeat	defeat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	sport	sport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	flogging	flogging	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** *in a quote* | past | a heavy defeat in sport | a flogging |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer flogging=Stimulus |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Flogging was a common punishment on old ships.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:flogging:x1:1
# text = Flogging was a common punishment on old ships.
1	Flogging	flog	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	punishment	punishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	ships	ship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flog** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | past |  | a common punishment |  | old ships |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(informal) Our team got a flogging, ten nil.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:flogging:x2:1
# text = (informal) Our team got a flogging, ten nil.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	informal	informal	NUM	LS	_	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	flogging	flogging	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	nil	nil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | Our team | a flogging and ten nil |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer flogging=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He's been flogging cakes at the market all morning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:flogging:x3:1
# text = He's been flogging cakes at the market all morning.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	aux	_	_
4	flogging	flog	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	cakes	cake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	market	market	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flog** | present · progressive | He | cakes |  | the market | morning |  | vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent cake=Patient at market=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Public flogging is now banned in most countries.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:flogging:x4:1
# text = Public flogging is now banned in most countries.
1	Public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	flogging	flogging	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
5	banned	ban	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	8	amod	_	_
8	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ban** | present · passive |  | Public flogging |  | most countries | now |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The book described a cruel flogging.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:flogging:x5:1
# text = The book described a cruel flogging.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	described	describe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	flogging	flogging	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | past | the book | a cruel flogging |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent flogging=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(informal) That was a real flogging — we lost by fifty points.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:flogging:x6:1
# text = (informal) That was a real flogging — we lost by fifty points.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	informal	informal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	flogging	flogging	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
10	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	lost	lose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	fifty	fifty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	points	point	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | That | a real flogging |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **lose** | past | we |  |  |  |  | by fifty points | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And as the picture made no reply, he tore it down from the wall, set it on a cart and drove it away, flogging it as he went, and crying--

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:flogging:x7:1
# text = And as the picture made no reply, he tore it down from the wall, set it on a cart and drove it away, flogging it as he went, and crying--
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
2	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	picture	picture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
6	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	7	det	_	_
7	reply	reply	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	tore	tore	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	down	down	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
13	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	set	set	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	on	on	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	cart	cart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	drove	drive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
24	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obj	_	_
25	away	away	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
27	flogging	flog	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	23	advcl	_	_
28	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	obj	_	_
29	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
30	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
31	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	crying	cry	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the picture | no reply |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset reply=Product |
| 2 | **tore down** | past | picture | reply |  | the wall |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **set** | infinitive | picture *not said here* | reply |  | a cart |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme on cart=Destination |
| 4 | **drive away** | past | picture *not said here* | reply |  |  |  | away *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme it=Trajectory |
| 5 | **flog** | gerund | picture *not said here* | reply |  |  |  |  | vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 6 | **go** | past | picture |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **cry** *speech: express* | gerund | picture *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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