---
title: flour — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «flour» in the school dictionary: Flour is a white or brown powder made by grinding grain like wheat; it is used to make bread, cakes and pasta. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# flour

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Flour, you, recipe, She, many more cups, He · **What happens:** be, make, grind, use, flour, roll · **To what, where:** white powder, grain, Flour, bread, table, dough · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«flour» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [flour in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/flour.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Flour is a white or brown powder made by grinding grain like wheat; it is used to make bread, cakes and pasta.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:flour:m1:1
# text = Flour is a white or brown powder made by grinding grain like wheat; it is used to make bread, cakes and pasta.
1	Flour	flour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
10	grinding	grind	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
11	grain	grain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	wheat	wheat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	parataxis	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	advcl	_	_
20	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	cakes	cake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	conj	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	pasta	pasta	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Flour | a white powder |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | a white powder *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **grind** | gerund |  | grain |  |  |  | like wheat | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grain=Patient |
| 4 | **use** | present · passive |  | Flour |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 5 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | bread and cakes and pasta |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bread=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To flour is to cover with flour: «Flour the table before you roll the dough».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:flour:m2:1
# text = To flour is to cover with flour: «Flour the table before you roll the dough».
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	flour	flour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	cover	cover	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	flour	flour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	Flour	flour	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
14	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	roll	roll	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	dough	dough	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | flour |  |  |  |  | with flour; cover *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **flour** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | the table |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent table=Destination |
| 3 | **roll** *in a quote* | present | you | the dough |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dough=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A recipe calls for 9 cups of flour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:flour:x1:1
# text = A recipe calls for 9 cups of flour.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	recipe	recipe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	calls	call	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	9	9	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	cups	cup	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	flour	flour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present | a recipe |  |  |  |  | for 9 cups of flour | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S\_INF»: agent=Agent for cup=Recipient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She already put in 3 cups of flour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:flour:x2:1
# text = She already put in 3 cups of flour.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	already	already	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	cups	cup	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	flour	flour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | past | She |  |  | 3 cups of flour |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in cup=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many more cups of flour does she need?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:flour:x3:1
# text = How many more cups of flour does she need?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	amod	_	_
4	cups	cup	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	flour	flour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	need	need	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present · do-support | many more cups of flour |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He bought 5 pounds of flour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:flour:x4:1
# text = He bought 5 pounds of flour.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	pounds	pound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	flour	flour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | past | He | 5 pounds of flour |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pound=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mix 200 grams of flour with two eggs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:flour:x5:1
# text = Mix 200 grams of flour with two eggs.
1	Mix	mix	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	200	200	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	grams	gram	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	flour	flour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mix** | imperative | you *not said here* | 200 grams of flour |  |  |  | with two eggs | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent gram=Patient with egg=Co-Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Flour is made by grinding wheat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:flour:x6:1
# text = Flour is made by grinding wheat.
1	Flour	flour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	grinding	grind	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
6	wheat	wheat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | Flour |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **grind** | gerund |  | wheat |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wheat=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My hands were white with flour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:flour:x7:1
# text = My hands were white with flour.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	flour	flour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | My hands |  |  |  |  | with flour; white *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Flour the table so the dough doesn't stick.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:flour:x8:1
# text = Flour the table so the dough doesn't stick.
1	Flour	flour	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	dough	dough	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	stick	stick	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flour** | imperative | you *not said here* | the table |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent table=Destination |
| 2 | **not** **stick** | present · do-support | the dough |  |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Vasilissa took flour, kneaded dough, and made a pie.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:flour:x9:1
# text = Vasilissa took flour, kneaded dough, and made a pie.
1	Vasilissa	Vasilissa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	flour	flour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	kneaded	knead	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	dough	dough	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	pie	pie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | Vasilissa | flour and kneaded dough |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flour=Theme |
| 2 | **knead** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material |
| 3 | **make** | past | Vasilissa *not said here* | a pie |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset pie=Product |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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