---
title: fluoride — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «fluoride» in the school dictionary: Fluoride is a natural mineral that helps make teeth strong and protects them from holes (decay). It is added to most toothpastes and, in many places, to tap water. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# fluoride

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Fluoride, natural mineral, you, tap water, dentist, sized blob · **What happens:** be, help, make, protect, add, tap · **To what, where:** natural mineral, teeth, Fluoride, water, fluoride toothpaste, tooth decay

<!-- .vabout -->
«fluoride» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [fluoride in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/fluoride.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fluoride is a natural mineral that helps make teeth strong and protects them from holes (decay). It is added to most toothpastes and, in many places, to tap water.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Fluoride is a natural mineral that helps make teeth strong and protects them from holes (decay).

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fluoride:m1:1
# text = Fluoride is a natural mineral that helps make teeth strong and protects them from holes (decay).
1	Fluoride	fluoride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	natural	natural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	mineral	mineral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
9	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
10	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	protects	protect	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
13	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	holes	hole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
16	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	decay	decay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Fluoride | a natural mineral |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **help** | present | a natural mineral |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **make** | infinitive | a natural mineral *not said here* | teeth |  |  |  | strong *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset tooth=Product |
| 4 | **protect** | present | a natural mineral *not said here* | teeth *= tooth* |  |  |  | from holes | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary from hole=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* It is added to most toothpastes and, in many places, to tap water.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fluoride:m1:2
# text = It is added to most toothpastes and, in many places, to tap water.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	added	add	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	amod	_	_
6	toothpastes	toothpaste	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	tap	tap	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
15	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | present · passive |  | Fluoride |  |  |  | to most toothpastes and many places | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient to toothpaste=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **tap** | to-infinitive |  | water |  |  |  |  | vn investigate-35.4 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent water=Location |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Use fluoride toothpaste twice a day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fluoride:x1:1
# text = Use fluoride toothpaste twice a day.
1	Use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	fluoride	fluoride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	toothpaste	toothpaste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	twice	twice	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	1	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | imperative | you *not said here* | fluoride toothpaste |  |  | day | twice *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toothpaste=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fluoride helps stop tooth decay.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fluoride:x2:1
# text = Fluoride helps stop tooth decay.
1	Fluoride	fluoride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
4	tooth	tooth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	decay	decay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Fluoride |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **stop** | infinitive | Fluoride *not said here* | tooth decay |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality decay=Eventuality |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Spit out the toothpaste, but don't rinse it all away.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fluoride:x3:1
# text = Spit out the toothpaste, but don't rinse it all away.
1	Spit	spit	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	out	out	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	toothpaste	toothpaste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	rinse	rinse	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
12	away	away	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spit out** | imperative | you *not said here* | the toothpaste |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent toothpaste=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **rinse away** | infinitive · do-support | you *not said here* | toothpaste |  |  |  | away *property* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our tap water has fluoride in it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fluoride:x4:1
# text = Our tap water has fluoride in it.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	tap	tap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	fluoride	fluoride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Our tap water | fluoride |  | fluoride |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fluoride=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dentist painted fluoride on my teeth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fluoride:x5:1
# text = The dentist painted fluoride on my teeth.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dentist	dentist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	painted	paint	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	fluoride	fluoride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paint** | past | the dentist | fluoride |  | my teeth |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent fluoride=Theme on tooth=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fluoride makes tooth enamel stronger.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fluoride:x6:1
# text = Fluoride makes tooth enamel stronger.
1	Fluoride	fluoride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	tooth	tooth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	enamel	enamel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	stronger	strong	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Fluoride | tooth enamel |  |  |  | strong *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset enamel=Product |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pea-sized blob of fluoride toothpaste is enough for children.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fluoride:x7:1
# text = A pea-sized blob of fluoride toothpaste is enough for children.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	pea	pea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	sized	size	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	blob	blob	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	fluoride	fluoride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	toothpaste	toothpaste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	enough	enough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **size** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | a sized blob of fluoride toothpaste |  |  |  |  | for children; enough *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Do not swallow toothpaste.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fluoride:x8:1
# text = Do not swallow toothpaste.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	swallow	swallow	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	toothpaste	toothpaste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **swallow** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | toothpaste |  |  |  |  | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toothpaste=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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