---
title: fog — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «fog» in the school dictionary: A thick cloud of tiny water drops near the ground that makes it hard to see. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/F/fog/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [F](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/F/) / fog

# fog

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** ground, you, glasses, fog, we, Drivers · **What happens:** make, see, cloud, cover, not see, fog up · **To what, where:** ground, tiny water drops, water, house, fog, foghorn · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«fog» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [fog in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/fog.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A thick cloud of tiny water drops near the ground that makes it hard to see.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fog:m1:1
# text = A thick cloud of tiny water drops near the ground that makes it hard to see.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	drops	drop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
8	near	near	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | the ground | ground |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product |
| 2 | **see** | to-infinitive | ground *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **cloud** |  |  | tiny water drops near the ground |  |  |  |  | nom cloud «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A state of confusion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fog:m2:1
# text = A state of confusion.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	confusion	confusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"in a fog".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fog:m2e:1
# text = "in a fog".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	fog	fog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As a verb, to become covered with tiny drops of water so you cannot see through it.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fog:m3:1
# text = As a verb, to become covered with tiny drops of water so you cannot see through it.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	become	become	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	drops	drop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
14	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
15	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
17	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
18	through	through	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | infinitive · passive |  |  |  |  |  | as a verb; with tiny drops of water | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: with drop=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **see** | can | you |  |  | water |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"My glasses fogged up."

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fog:m3e:1
# text = "My glasses fogged up."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	glasses	glass	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	fogged	fog	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fog up** *in a quote* | participle | My glasses |  |  |  |  |  | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fog was so thick we couldn't see the house.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fog:x1:1
# text = The fog was so thick we couldn't see the house.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fog	fog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	so	so	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the fog |  |  |  |  | thick *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **see** | could | we | the house |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer house=Stimulus |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Drivers must slow down in fog.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fog:x2:1
# text = Drivers must slow down in fog.
1	Drivers	driver	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	slow	slow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	down	down	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	fog	fog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **slow down** | must | Drivers |  |  | fog |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ship sounded its foghorn.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fog:x3:1
# text = The ship sounded its foghorn.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sounded	sound	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	foghorn	foghorn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sound** | past | the ship | ship's foghorn |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location foghorn=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My glasses fogged up when I came inside.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fog:x4:1
# text = My glasses fogged up when I came inside.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	glasses	glass	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fogged	fog	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	inside	inside	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fog up** | participle | My glasses |  |  |  |  |  | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |
| 2 | **come** | past | I |  |  |  |  | inside *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bathroom mirror fogs up after a shower.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fog:x5:1
# text = The bathroom mirror fogs up after a shower.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bathroom	bathroom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	mirror	mirror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	fogs	fog	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	shower	shower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fog up** | present | the bathroom mirror |  |  |  | after a shower |  | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wear bright clothes on foggy mornings.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fog:x6:1
# text = Wear bright clothes on foggy mornings.
1	Wear	wear	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	clothes	clothes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	1	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	foggy	foggy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	mornings	morning	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | imperative | you *not said here* | bright clothes |  |  | on foggy mornings |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent clothes=Source |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"If the fog would only clear away!" he said.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fog:x7:1
# text = "If the fog would only clear away!" he said.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	fog	fog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	clear	clear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	ccomp	_	_
8	away	away	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **clear away** *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | would | the fog |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn clear-10.3-1 «NP.Source V»: agent=Source |
| 2 | **say** *speech: express* | past | fog |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [foe](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/F/foe/)
- next →: [foggy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/F/foggy/)
- ↑ back to [F in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/F/)