---
title: football — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «football» in the school dictionary: Football is a game where two teams try to kick a ball into the other team's goal; in the USA and Australia this game is called soccer. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# football

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Football, two teams, game, football team, 22 players, 15 children · **What happens:** be, try, kick, call, mean, play · **To what, where:** game, ball, goal, USA, American football, oval ball · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«football» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [football in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/football.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Football is a game where two teams try to kick a ball into the other team's goal; in the USA and Australia this game is called soccer.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:football:m1:1
# text = Football is a game where two teams try to kick a ball into the other team's goal; in the USA and Australia this game is called soccer.
1	Football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	8	advmod	_	_
6	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	teams	team	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	try	try	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	kick	kick	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	into	into	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	's	's	PART	POS	_	16	case	_	_
18	goal	goal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	USA	USA	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	_
25	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	26	det	_	_
26	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj:pass	_	_
27	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	aux:pass	_	_
28	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
29	soccer	soccer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Football | a game |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **try** | present | two teams |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **kick** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | two teams *not said here* | a ball |  |  |  | into the other team's goal *result* | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent ball=Patient into goal=Result |
| 4 | **call** | present · passive | a game *not said here* | this game |  | the USA and Australia |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the USA, football means American football, played with an oval ball that is carried and thrown.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:football:m2:1
# text = In the USA, football means American football, played with an oval ball that is carried and thrown.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	USA	USA	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	played	play	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	oval	oval	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	carried	carry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl:relcl	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	thrown	throw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | football | American football |  |  |  | in the USA | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot football=Theme in usa=Attribute |
| 2 | **play** | participle |  | American football *not said here* |  |  |  | with a oval ball | vn play-114.2-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with ball=Theme |
| 3 | **carry** | present · passive |  | a oval ball |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 4 | **throw** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Australia, football can mean Australian rules football (footy) or rugby.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:football:m3:1
# text = In Australia, football can mean Australian rules football (footy) or rugby.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	Australian	Australian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	compound	_	_
9	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	footy	footy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	11	punct	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	rugby	rugby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | football | Australian rules football or rugby |  |  |  | in Australia | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot football=Theme in australia=Attribute |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A football is also the ball.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:football:m4:1
# text = A football is also the ball.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a football | the ball |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The football team scored 3 goals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:football:x1:1
# text = The football team scored 3 goals.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	scored	score	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	goals	goal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **score** | past | the football team | 3 goals |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goal=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A football costs 12 dollars.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:football:x2:1
# text = A football costs 12 dollars.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | a football | 12 dollars |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme dollar=Value |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
22 players are on the field in a football match.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:football:x3:1
# text = 22 players are on the field in a football match.
1	22	22	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	players	player	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | 22 players |  |  | the field |  | in a football match | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
15 children play football.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:football:x4:1
# text = 15 children play football.
1	15	15	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	play	play	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | present | 15 children | football |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent football=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We play football at lunchtime.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:football:x5:1
# text = We play football at lunchtime.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	play	play	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	lunchtime	lunchtime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | present | We | football |  | lunchtime |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent football=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In America, football is played with an oval ball.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:football:x6:1
# text = In America, football is played with an oval ball.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	played	play	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	oval	oval	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | present · passive |  | football |  | America |  | with a oval ball | vn play-114.2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-agent»: subject=Theme with ball=Co-Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The football pitch was muddy after the rain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:football:x7:1
# text = The football pitch was muddy after the rain.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	pitch	pitch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	muddy	muddy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the football pitch |  |  |  | after the rain | muddy *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He kicked the football over the fence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:football:x8:1
# text = He kicked the football over the fence.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	kicked	kick	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	fence	fence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kick** | past | He | the football |  | the fence |  |  | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent football=Patient over fence=Location |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Far and near he would go to any meetings, as football play or the like.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:football:x9:1
# text = Far and near he would go to any meetings, as football play or the like.
1	Far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	near	near	ADP	IN	_	1	conj	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
9	meetings	meeting	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	play	play	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	like	like	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | would | he |  |  | any meetings |  | far *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to meeting=Initial\_Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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