---
title: footpath — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «footpath» in the school dictionary: A footpath is a path made for people to walk on, not cars, often across fields, through parks or woods. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# footpath

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** footpath, you, public footpath, cars, we, He · **What happens:** be, make, walk on, pave, walk, cross · **To what, where:** path, cars, fields, pavement, footpath, field

<!-- .vabout -->
«footpath» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [footpath in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/footpath.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A footpath is a path made for people to walk on, not cars, often across fields, through parks or woods.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:footpath:m1:1
# text = A footpath is a path made for people to walk on, not cars, often across fields, through parks or woods.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	footpath	footpath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl:agent	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	walk	walk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
11	on	on	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
14	cars	car	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	often	often	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
17	across	across	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	fields	field	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	through	through	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	parks	park	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
22	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	woods	wood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a footpath | a path |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | a path *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **walk on** | to-infinitive |  | cars |  | fields |  | through parks or woods | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across field=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Australia, New Zealand and Ireland, the footpath is the pavement (US: sidewalk) — the paved path beside a road.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:footpath:m2:1
# text = In Australia, New Zealand and Ireland, the footpath is the pavement (US: sidewalk) — the paved path beside a road.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	flat	_	_
5	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	Ireland	Ireland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	footpath	footpath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	pavement	pavement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	US	US	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
17	sidewalk	sidewalk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	15	punct	_	_
19	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	paved	pave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	amod	_	_
22	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
23	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the footpath | the pavement and the paved path beside a road |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pave** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Walk on the footpath, not on the road.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:footpath:x1:1
# text = Walk on the footpath, not on the road.
1	Walk	walk	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	footpath	footpath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | the footpath |  | on the road | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on footpath=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A public footpath crosses the farmer's field.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:footpath:x2:1
# text = A public footpath crosses the farmer's field.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	footpath	footpath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	crosses	cross	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cross** | present | a public footpath | the farmer's field |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent field=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Close the gate behind you on the footpath.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:footpath:x3:1
# text = Close the gate behind you on the footpath.
1	Close	close	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	1	obl	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	footpath	footpath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **close** | imperative | you *not said here* | the gate |  | the footpath |  | behind you | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gate=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Watch out for cars backing out of driveways across the footpath.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:footpath:x4:1
# text = Watch out for cars backing out of driveways across the footpath.
1	Watch	watch	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	out	out	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	cars	car	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
5	backing	back	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	driveways	driveway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
9	across	across	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	footpath	footpath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **watch out** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for cars | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.theme NP.location»: agent=Agent for car=Theme |
| 2 | **back out** | gerund | cars *not said here* | driveways |  | the footpath |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The footpath follows the river to the village.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:footpath:x5:1
# text = The footpath follows the river to the village.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	footpath	footpath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	follows	follow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | present | the footpath | the river |  | the village |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent river=Theme to village=Trajectory |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Melbourne we rode our scooters on the footpath.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:footpath:x6:1
# text = In Melbourne we rode our scooters on the footpath.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Melbourne	Melbourne	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
3	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	rode	ride	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	scooters	scooter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	footpath	footpath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ride** | past | we | our scooters |  | Melbourne |  | on the footpath | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scooter=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He walked through the grass without following any well-worn footpath.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:footpath:x7:1
# text = He walked through the grass without following any well-worn footpath.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	through	through	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
8	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	12	det	_	_
9	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	worn	wear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	amod	_	_
12	footpath	footpath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | past | He |  |  | the grass |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through grass=Trajectory |
| 2 | **follow** | gerund | He *not said here* | any worn footpath |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent footpath=Theme |
| 3 | **wear** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | well *property* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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