---
title: foresail — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «foresail» in the school dictionary: The main sail on the front mast of a ship. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# foresail

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** sailors, wind, foresail, they, Sea Rat, patched foresails · **What happens:** hoist, rise, fill, leapt, take down, tell · **To what, where:** foresail, storm, mainsail, rope · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«foresail» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [foresail in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/foresail.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The main sail on the front mast of a ship.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:foresail:m1:1
# text = The main sail on the front mast of a ship.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	sail	sail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	front	front	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	mast	mast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On a small sailing boat, the sail in front of the mast, such as a jib.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:foresail:m2:1
# text = On a small sailing boat, the sail in front of the mast, such as a jib.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	sailing	sailing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sail	sail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	front	front	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	mast	mast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	18	case	_	_
16	as	as	ADP	IN	_	15	fixed	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	jib	jib	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sailors hoisted the foresail as the wind rose.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:foresail:x1:1
# text = The sailors hoisted the foresail as the wind rose.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sailors	sailor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hoisted	hoist	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	foresail	foresail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	rose	rise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hoist** | past | the sailors | the foresail |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foresail=Theme |
| 2 | **rise** | past | the wind |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The foresail filled with wind and the boat leapt forward.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:foresail:x2:1
# text = The foresail filled with wind and the boat leapt forward.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	foresail	foresail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
9	leapt	leapt	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill** | participle |  | the foresail *not said here* |  |  |  | with wind and the boat | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with wind=Instrument |
| 2 | **leapt** | present | the foresail |  |  |  |  | forward *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a storm they took down the foresail.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:foresail:x3:1
# text = In a storm they took down the foresail.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	down	down	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	foresail	foresail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take down** | past | they | the foresail |  | a storm |  |  | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent foresail=Theme in storm=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Sea Rat told of ships with patched foresails sailing south.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:foresail:x4:1
# text = The Sea Rat told of ships with patched foresails sailing south.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Sea	Sea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Rat	Rat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	ships	ship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	patched	patch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
9	foresails	foresail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
10	sailing	sail	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	acl	_	_
11	south	south	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | the Sea Rat |  |  |  |  | of ships with patched foresails | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **patch** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **sail** | gerund | patched foresails *not said here* |  |  |  |  | south *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our dinghy has a mainsail and a small foresail.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:foresail:x5:1
# text = Our dinghy has a mainsail and a small foresail.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	dinghy	dinghy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	mainsail	mainsail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	foresail	foresail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Our dinghy | a mainsail and a small foresail |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mainsail=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pull the rope to tighten the foresail.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:foresail:x6:1
# text = Pull the rope to tighten the foresail.
1	Pull	pull	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	rope	rope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	tighten	tighten	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	foresail	foresail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pull** | imperative | you *not said here* | the rope |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rope=Theme |
| 2 | **tighten** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | the foresail |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent foresail=Patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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