---
title: forgo — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «forgo» in the school dictionary: To choose to go without something you would like, or to give up a chance. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# forgo

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, She, We, Many Christians, He, sister · **What happens:** choose, go, like, give up, decide, forgo · **To what, where:** chance, pocket money, charity, trip, park, chocolate

<!-- .vabout -->
«forgo» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [forgo in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/forgo.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To choose to go without something you would like, or to give up a chance.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:forgo:m1:1
# text = To choose to go without something you would like, or to give up a chance.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	choose	choose	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	without	without	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obl	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	like	like	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
14	up	up	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	chance	chance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **choose** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **go** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | without something | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **like** | would | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 4 | **give up** | to-infinitive |  | a chance |  |  |  |  | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chance=Source |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She decided to forgo her pocket money to help the charity.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:forgo:x1:1
# text = She decided to forgo her pocket money to help the charity.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	decided	decide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	forgo	forgo	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	pocket	pocket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	charity	charity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decide** | past | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **forgo** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | She *not said here* | her pocket money |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent money=Location |
| 3 | **help** | to-infinitive | She *not said here* | the charity |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent charity=Beneficiary |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We will forgo the trip to the park because of the rain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:forgo:x2:1
# text = We will forgo the trip to the park because of the rain.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	forgo	forgo	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	trip	trip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	12	case	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	fixed	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forgo** | future | We | the trip | the park |  |  | because the rain | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent trip=Theme to park=Recipient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many Christians forgo chocolate during Lent.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:forgo:x3:1
# text = Many Christians forgo chocolate during Lent.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	Christians	Christian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	forgo	forgo	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	during	during	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Lent	Lent	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forgo** | present | Many Christians | chocolate |  |  | during Lent |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent chocolate=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He forwent the last cake so his sister could have it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:forgo:x4:1
# text = He forwent the last cake so his sister could have it.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	forwent	forgo	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forgo** | past | He | the last cake |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent cake=Location |
| 2 | **have** | could | his sister | cake |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The team agreed to forgo a break to finish the project.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:forgo:x5:1
# text = The team agreed to forgo a break to finish the project.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	agreed	agree	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	forgo	forgo	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	break	break	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	finish	finish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	project	project	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **agree** *speech: agree* | past | the team |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **forgo** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the team *not said here* | a break |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent break=Location |
| 3 | **finish** | to-infinitive | the team *not said here* | the project |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality project=Eventuality |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You may forgo the second helping if you are full.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:forgo:x6:1
# text = You may forgo the second helping if you are full.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	forgo	forgo	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	6	amod	_	_
6	helping	helping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forgo** | may | You | the second helping |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent helping=Location |
| 2 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | you |  |  |  |  | full *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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