---
title: forward — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «forward» in the school dictionary: Forward means toward the front, in the direction you are facing. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# forward

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, forward, player, frog, car, She · **What happens:** mean, face, look, forward, be, attack · **To what, where:** direction, letter, player, sports, job, 3 steps · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«forward» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [forward in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/forward.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Forward means toward the front, in the direction you are facing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:forward:m1:1
# text = Forward means toward the front, in the direction you are facing.
1	Forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	front	front	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	_
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	facing	face	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | toward the front; forward *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **face** | present · progressive | you | the direction *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent direction=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Forward means toward the future: look forward to something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:forward:m2:1
# text = Forward means toward the future: look forward to something.
1	Forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	future	future	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	look	look	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
8	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | toward the future; forward *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **look** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | to something; forward *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to something=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To forward a letter or message is to send it on to someone else.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:forward:m3:1
# text = To forward a letter or message is to send it on to someone else.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	forward	forward	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	send	send	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	obl	_	_
14	else	else	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forward** | to-infinitive |  | a letter or message |  |  |  |  | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | to someone; send *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A forward is a player who attacks in some sports.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:forward:m4:1
# text = A forward is a player who attacks in some sports.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	forward	forward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	player	player	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	attacks	attack	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	10	det	_	_
10	sports	sport	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a forward | a player |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **attack** | present | a player |  |  | some sports |  |  | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To come forward is to offer yourself to do a job, or to step up to speak or help.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:forward:m5:1
# text = To come forward is to offer yourself to do a job, or to step up to speak or help.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	csubj	_	_
3	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	offer	offer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	yourself	yourself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	6	obj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	step	step	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
16	up	up	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come forward** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | forward *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | offer *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | a job |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Eventuality |
| 4 | **step up** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **speak** *speech: other* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **help** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The frog jumps 3 steps forward.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:forward:x1:1
# text = The frog jumps 3 steps forward.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	jumps	jump	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jump** | present | the frog | 3 steps |  |  |  | forward *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme step=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Count forward by 5 from 20.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:forward:x2:1
# text = Count forward by 5 from 20.
1	Count	count	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	obl	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **count** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by 5 from 20; forward *property* | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The car moved forward 50 metres.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:forward:x3:1
# text = The car moved forward 50 metres.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	moved	move	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	50	50	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	metres	metre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move forward** | past | the car | 50 metres |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V ADJ.result»: agent=Theme metre=Result |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She took 4 steps forward and 2 back.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:forward:x4:1
# text = She took 4 steps forward and 2 back.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
5	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	conj	_	_
8	back	back	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | She |  |  |  |  | forward *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We did forward rolls in PE.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:forward:x5:1
# text = We did forward rolls in PE.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
3	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	rolls	roll	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	PE	PE	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past | We |  |  |  |  | forward *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **roll** | present |  |  |  | PE |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I look forward to the holidays.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:forward:x6:1
# text = I look forward to the holidays.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	look	look	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	holidays	holiday	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | present | I |  |  |  |  | to the holidays; forward *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to holiday=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please forward this email to your mum.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:forward:x7:1
# text = Please forward this email to your mum.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	2	discourse	_	_
2	forward	forward	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	det	_	_
4	email	email	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forward** | imperative | you *not said here* | this email | your mum |  |  |  | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent email=Theme to mum=Destination |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Step forward when I call your name.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:forward:x8:1
# text = Step forward when I call your name.
1	Step	step	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	5	mark	_	_
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	call	call	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present | I | your name |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent name=Recipient |
| 2 | **name** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bear came forward as umpire.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:forward:x9:1
# text = The bear came forward as umpire.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	umpire	umpire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come forward** | past | the bear |  |  |  |  | as umpire; forward *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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