---
title: fragrance — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «fragrance» in the school dictionary: A fragrance is a pleasant, sweet smell, like flowers or fresh bread. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# fragrance

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** fragrance, people, new fragrance, soap, Lavender, apples · **What happens:** be, wear, add, fill, smell, drift · **To what, where:** pleasant sweet smell, perfume, that, garden, street, calming fragrance

<!-- .vabout -->
«fragrance» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [fragrance in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/fragrance.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A fragrance is a pleasant, sweet smell, like flowers or fresh bread.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fragrance:m1:1
# text = A fragrance is a pleasant, sweet smell, like flowers or fresh bread.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fragrance	fragrance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	pleasant	pleasant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a fragrance | a pleasant sweet smell and flowers or fresh bread |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A fragrance is also perfume or a scent that people wear or that is added to soap and shampoo.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fragrance:m2:1
# text = A fragrance is also perfume or a scent that people wear or that is added to soap and shampoo.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fragrance	fragrance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	perfume	perfume	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	scent	scent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obj	_	_
10	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	wear	wear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	added	add	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	conj	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	soap	soap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	xcomp	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	shampoo	shampoo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a fragrance | perfume or a scent |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **wear** | present | people | that |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent that=Source |
| 3 | **add** *speech: assert* | present · passive |  | that |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fragrance of roses filled the garden.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fragrance:x1:1
# text = The fragrance of roses filled the garden.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fragrance	fragrance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	roses	rose	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	filled	fill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill** | past | the fragrance of roses | the garden |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent garden=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum's new fragrance smells of vanilla.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fragrance:x2:1
# text = Mum's new fragrance smells of vanilla.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	fragrance	fragrance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	smells	smell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	vanilla	vanilla	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smell** | present | Mum's new fragrance |  |  |  |  | of vanilla | vn smell\_emission-43.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Location of vanilla=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This soap is fragrance-free for sensitive skin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fragrance:x3:1
# text = This soap is fragrance-free for sensitive skin.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	soap	soap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	fragrance	fragrance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | this soap |  |  |  |  | for sensitive skin; free *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bakery's fragrance drifted down the street.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fragrance:x4:1
# text = The bakery's fragrance drifted down the street.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bakery	bakery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	fragrance	fragrance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	drifted	drift	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	down	down	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	street	street	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drift** | past | the bakery's fragrance |  |  | the street |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme down street=Trajectory |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lavender has a calming fragrance.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fragrance:x5:1
# text = Lavender has a calming fragrance.
1	Lavender	lavender	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	calming	calming	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	fragrance	fragrance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Lavender | a calming fragrance |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fragrance=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bees are attracted by the fragrance of flowers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fragrance:x6:1
# text = Bees are attracted by the fragrance of flowers.
1	Bees	bee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	attracted	attract	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	fragrance	fragrance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attract** | present · passive | the fragrance of flowers | Bees |  |  |  |  | vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fragrance of roses spread through the room, mingled with the sweet smell of apples.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fragrance:x7:1
# text = The fragrance of roses spread through the room, mingled with the sweet smell of apples.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fragrance	fragrance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	roses	rose	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	spread	spread	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	through	through	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	mingled	mingle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	apples	apple	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spread** | present | the fragrance of roses |  |  | the room |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through room=Location |
| 2 | **mingle** | participle |  | the room *not said here* |  |  |  | with the sweet smell of apples | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient with smell=Co-Patient |
| 3 | **smell** |  | apples |  |  |  |  |  | nom smell «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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