---
title: freight — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «freight» in the school dictionary: Freight is goods carried by trains, ships, trucks or planes. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# freight

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Freight, system, long freight train, ship, Air freight, company · **What happens:** be, carry, pay, freight, mean, send · **To what, where:** Freight goods, system, goods, money, ship, freight · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«freight» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [freight in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/freight.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Freight is goods carried by trains, ships, trucks or planes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:freight:m1:1
# text = Freight is goods carried by trains, ships, trucks or planes.
1	Freight	freight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	goods	goods	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	carried	carry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	trains	train	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	ships	ship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	trucks	truck	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	planes	plane	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | Freight goods |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **carry** | participle · passive |  | Freight goods |  |  |  | by trains and ships and trucks or planes | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Freight is the system of carrying goods, or the money paid for it.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:freight:m2:1
# text = Freight is the system of carrying goods, or the money paid for it.
1	Freight	freight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	system	system	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	carrying	carry	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
7	goods	goods	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
12	paid	pay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Freight | the system |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **carry** | gerund | the system *not said here* | goods |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goods=Theme |
| 3 | **pay** | participle |  | the money *not said here* |  |  |  | for Freight | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for it=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To freight goods means to send them by transport.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:freight:m3:1
# text = To freight goods means to send them by transport.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	freight	freight	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	csubj	_	_
3	goods	goods	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	2	obj	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	send	send	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	transport	transport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **freight** | to-infinitive |  | goods |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **send** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | goods |  |  |  | by transport | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To freight a ship means to load it with goods to be carried.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:freight:m4:1
# text = To freight a ship means to load it with goods to be carried.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	freight	freight	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	load	load	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	goods	goods	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	7	obl	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	carried	carry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **freight** | to-infinitive |  | a ship |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **load** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | ship |  |  |  | with goods | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Destination with goods=Theme |
| 4 | **carry** | to-infinitive · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP» |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A long freight train rattled past.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:freight:x1:1
# text = A long freight train rattled past.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	freight	freight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	rattled	rattle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	past	past	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rattle** | past | a long freight train |  |  |  |  | past *property* | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ship carried freight from China to Australia.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:freight:x2:1
# text = The ship carried freight from China to Australia.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	freight	freight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | past | the ship | freight | Australia | China |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent freight=Theme from china=Initial\_Location to australia=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Air freight is fast but expensive.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:freight:x3:1
# text = Air freight is fast but expensive.
1	Air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	freight	freight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	fast	fast	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	expensive	expensive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Air freight |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | Air freight *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The freight was loaded into containers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:freight:x4:1
# text = The freight was loaded into containers.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	freight	freight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	loaded	load	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	containers	container	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **load** | past · passive |  | the freight |  | containers |  |  | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme into container=Destination |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The company freighted the cars by sea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:freight:x5:1
# text = The company freighted the cars by sea.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	freighted	freight	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cars	car	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **freight** | participle | the company *not said here* | the cars |  |  |  | by sea | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lorry carried 20 tonnes of freight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:freight:x6:1
# text = The lorry carried 20 tonnes of freight.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lorry	lorry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	tonnes	tonne	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	freight	freight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | past | the lorry | 20 tonnes of freight |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tonne=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The merchant got ready to go to sea, freighted a ship, and said to the orphan:

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:freight:x7:1
# text = The merchant got ready to go to sea, freighted a ship, and said to the orphan:
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	merchant	merchant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	freighted	freight	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	orphan	orphan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | the merchant |  |  |  |  | ready *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **go** | to-infinitive | the merchant *not said here* |  |  | sea |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to sea=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **freight** | participle | sea *not said here* | a ship |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the merchant *not said here* |  | the orphan |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to orphan=Recipient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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