---
title: frenchman — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «frenchman» in the school dictionary: A man who comes from France or is French. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# frenchman

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** man, Louis, Frenchman, Napoleon, café, new neighbour · **What happens:** come, be, use, mean, invent, write · **To what, where:** France, French, French person, Frenchman, us, famous Frenchman · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«frenchman» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [frenchman in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/frenchman.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A man who comes from France or is French.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frenchman:m1:1
# text = A man who comes from France or is French.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	France	France	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	French	French	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | a man |  |  | France or French |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from france=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a man *not said here* | French |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: history, informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sometimes used to mean a French person or soldier in general.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frenchman:m2:1
# text = Sometimes used to mean a French person or soldier in general.
1	Sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	2	advmod	_	_
2	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	soldier	soldier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	general	general	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | sometimes *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | to-infinitive |  | a French person or soldier in general |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Louis Braille was a Frenchman who invented writing for blind people.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frenchman:x1:1
# text = Louis Braille was a Frenchman who invented writing for blind people.
1	Louis	Louis	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	Braille	Braille	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Frenchman	frenchman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	invented	invent	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	writing	write	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	xcomp	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	blind	blind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Louis | a Frenchman |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **invent** | past | a Frenchman |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **write** | gerund | a Frenchman *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for blind people | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for people=Beneficiary |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Frenchman spoke to us in French.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frenchman:x2:1
# text = The Frenchman spoke to us in French.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Frenchman	frenchman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	French	French	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | the Frenchman |  | us | French |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to we=Co-Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Napoleon was a famous Frenchman.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frenchman:x3:1
# text = Napoleon was a famous Frenchman.
1	Napoleon	Napoleon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	Frenchman	frenchman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Napoleon | a famous Frenchman |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Frenchman's café sold croissants.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frenchman:x4:1
# text = The Frenchman's café sold croissants.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Frenchman	Frenchman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	café	café	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	sold	sell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	croissants	croissant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sell** | past | the Frenchman's café | croissants |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent croissant=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our new neighbour is a Frenchman from Lyon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frenchman:x5:1
# text = Our new neighbour is a Frenchman from Lyon.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	neighbour	neighbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Frenchman	frenchman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Lyon	Lyon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Our new neighbour | a Frenchman |  | Lyon |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They were first brought to light, after a patient search and diligent perusal of ancient authors, by a Frenchman, M.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frenchman:x6:1
# text = They were first brought to light, after a patient search and diligent perusal of ancient authors, by a Frenchman, M.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	advmod	_	_
4	brought	bring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
8	after	after	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	patient	patient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	search	search	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	diligent	diligent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	perusal	perusal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	authors	author	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	by	by	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	Frenchman	frenchman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	M.	M.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | past · passive |  | They |  | light | after a patient search and diligent perusal of ancient authors and a Frenchman and M. | first *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to light=Destination |
| 2 | **peruse** |  |  | ancient authors |  |  |  |  | nom perusal «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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